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我们知道,语言是一种社会现象。人们的言语表现形式无时不受存在于语言之外的社会要素的制约。语言的这种社会属性决定了语言研究不能局限于语言本身,而是应该把语言放到一定的文化背景下来考察。文化是人类物质财富和精神财富的总和,它无处不在,无所不包,渗透于社会生活的各个方面。文化对语言的形成、发展和变化产生着深刻的影响。反之,语言又是文化最重要的载休之一,有着深刻的文化内涵。一个民族的语言反映了这个民族的文化,而一定时期所产生所流行的语言也折射出那一时期的社会与文化现象。本文从对英语中的一种表现手段引喻,特别是本世纪新出现的一些引喻的研究来看文化对语言的影响。
We know that language is a social phenomenon. People’s speech expression is not restricted by the social elements existing outside the language. This social attribute of language determines that language research can not be confined to the language itself, but should be put into a certain cultural context to investigate. Culture is the sum of human material wealth and spiritual wealth. It is everywhere, all-encompassing, and permeates all aspects of social life. Culture has a profound influence on the formation, development and change of language. On the contrary, language is one of the most important cultural pauses in culture and has a profound cultural connotation. The language of a nation reflects the culture of the nation, and the language that it produced during a certain period also reflects the social and cultural phenomena of that period. This article takes a metaphorical approach to expression in English, especially the study of some new metaphors that have emerged in this century to see the impact of culture on language.