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随着交通运输的发展,我国高速公路的建设已提到日程,但从1978年京塘路初测开始,至今已八年,仍未开工。其他几条也只在拟议之中,目前已开工的仅有沪嘉高速公路(长20.4公里)。高速公路发展缓慢的原因是多方面的,而最主要的是在目前我国财政收入不富裕的情况下,要投入大量的财力、物力修建高速公路尚有一定困难。为了推动我国高速公路的发展,必须提高设计水平,选择最佳方案,以降低工程造价。近几年,我参加了高速公路的测设实践,本文根据个人体会,谈谈如何选择最佳方案,降低路基高度,减少占地面积,节约工程造价,以为抛砖引玉,希望广大公路测设人员都来献计献策,为推动我国高速公路建设的发展作出贡献。一、坚持按基建程序办事,选择最佳方案高速公路由于占地多、造价高,所以在确定路线及各种构造物方案时,要特别慎重,必须坚持按基建程序办事。在定测前必须经过可行性报告审议、初测外业勘察及初拟方案审议、初步设计文件审议,反复征求意见,反复讨论修改,以期保证设计方案的经济合理、正确可行,这乃是最大的节约。如果不按程序办事,不是用数据说话,而是用行政命令、长官意志行事,决不能做出最佳设计方案,必然会造成反工浪费,带来不可挽回的损失。
With the development of transportation, the construction of expressways in our country has already referred to the schedule. However, since the initial test of Jingtang Road in 1978, it has been eight years and has not yet started. The other few are only proposed, the only Shanghai-Jia Expressway (20.4 km long) currently under construction. There are many reasons for the slow development of the expressway. The most important reason is that under the current situation in which China’s fiscal revenue is not rich, it is still difficult to devote a great deal of financial and material resources to the construction of the expressway. In order to promote the development of the expressway in our country, we must improve the design level and choose the best plan to reduce the construction cost. In recent years, I participated in the survey of highway design practice, this article based on personal experience, talk about how to choose the best solution to reduce the height of subgrade, reducing the footprint, saving construction costs, in order to start a discussion, I hope the vast majority of highway survey and setting staff To offer advice and suggestions, to contribute to the development of China’s highway construction. First, insist on infrastructure projects, choose the best plan As the highway covers an area of more than high cost, so in determining the route and a variety of structures program, we must be especially careful, we must insist on infrastructure projects. Before the test, it must go through the feasibility report review, the preliminary examination of the field investigation and preliminary plan review, the preliminary design document review, the repeated solicitation of opinions and the repeated discussion and amendment in order to ensure the economic rationality of the design plan and the correctness and feasibility, which is the largest Savings. If we do not act according to procedures, we will not use data to speak, but instead use administrative orders and the will of the executive to act in the best way. We will definitely not make the best design proposals, which inevitably result in waste of workmanship and irreparable losses.