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分别以水热法及离子交换法制备了NO3-、Mo7O246-插层的Zn Mg Al三元层状双氢氧化物(NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs,Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs),并分别将制得的两种LDHs添加到聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)中,研究了不同阴离子插层的LDHs对PUE阻燃抑烟性能的影响。锥形量热仪和烟密度仪研究表明,纯PUE的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)及最大烟密度值(Ds,max)分别为920 k W/m2和452,当NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs、Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs的质量分数为7wt%时,LDHs/PUE复合材料的PHRR和Ds,max分别降低至377、343 k W/m2和216、190,两种LDHs对PUE均有较好的阻燃抑烟效果,Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs的效果更显著。LDHs/PUE复合材料的TGA、残炭的拉曼光谱和XPS研究证实,两种LDHs的加入都能够促进LDHs/PUE复合材料催化成炭,提高残炭率,并且能够提高炭层的石墨化程度,使炭层的抗热氧化能力增强;另外,与NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs相比,Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs的引入能够使复合材料残炭率和炭层的石墨化程度更高,抗热氧化能力更强,有效地保护基体材料避免受热辐射,隔绝氧气,抑制可燃性气体的挥发。
The NO3-, Mo7O246- intercalated Zn Mg Al ternary layered double hydroxides (NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs, Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs) were prepared by hydrothermal method and ion exchange method, Two kinds of LDHs were added to the polyurethane elastomer (PUE) to study the effect of different anionic intercalated LDHs on the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of PUE. Cone calorimeter and smoke density meter showed that the peak value of PHRR and Ds max of pure PUE were 920 kW / m2 and 452, respectively. When NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs , When the mass fraction of Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs was 7wt%, the PHRR and Ds, max of LDHs / PUE composites decreased to 377,343 k W / m2 and 216,190, respectively. Good fire-retardant smoke suppression effect, Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs effect is more pronounced. The Raman spectra and XPS of LDHs / PUE composites showed that the addition of LDHs and LDHs promoted the carbonization of LDHs / PUE composites, increased the carbon residue rate, and improved the graphitization of carbon layers , So that the thermal oxidation resistance of the carbon layer is enhanced. In addition, compared with the NO3-Zn Mg Al-LDHs, the introduction of Mo-Zn Mg Al-LDHs can make the carbon residue percentage and the graphitization degree of the carbon layer higher, More resistant to thermal oxidation, effective protection of the substrate material to avoid heat radiation, isolated oxygen, inhibit the volatility of flammable gases.