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目的探讨出生缺陷发生的种类、相关因素及预防措施。方法对近11年间出生缺陷病例进行回顾性分析。结果近11年间出生缺陷的平均发生率为7.59‰,1998年-2002年的发生率为5.40‰,2003年-2008年8月的发生率9.74‰。两个时期比较1998年-2002年出生缺陷类型以总唇裂居首位,其次为肢体短缩、多指(趾)、先天性心脏病等,2003年-2008年8月出生缺陷类型以脑积水居首位,其次为多指(趾)、总唇裂、肢体短缩等。结论出生缺陷的发生与感染、营养、环境、遗传因素及孕母年龄有关,出生缺陷的防治应以预防为主,并应采用B超、生化等手段,早期筛查畸形儿,早期处理。
Objective To explore the types of birth defects, related factors and preventive measures. Methods The cases of birth defects in the past 11 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The average incidence of birth defects in the past 11 years was 7.59 ‰. The incidence was 5.40 ‰ in 1998-2002 and 9.74 ‰ in 2003-2008. Comparison of the two periods 1998 - 2002 birth defects in the total cleft lip ranks first, followed by limb shortening, multiple fingers (toes), congenital heart disease, etc., 2003 - August 2008 type of birth defects in brain volume Water ranks first, followed by more fingers (toes), total cleft lip, limb shortening and so on. Conclusion The occurrence of birth defects is related to infection, nutrition, environment, genetic factors and the age of pregnant women. Prevention of birth defects should be based on prevention. B-ultrasound and biochemical methods should be used to screen the deformed children for early treatment.