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过去,翻译学理论注重语篇转换中的精确表达,认为译者的第一要务是忠实。后来,翻译研究开始出现文化转向,影响翻译的外部元素开始受到关注,翻译被放置于一个更广阔的文化语境中进行探讨,勒菲弗尔提出的操纵理论就是其中之一,该理论认为主要有三种因素在影响翻译,即意识形态,诗学观和赞助人。本文选择1901年林纾和魏易的译本《黑奴呼天录》,1982年黄继忠的译本《汤姆大伯的小屋》以及1998年王家湘的译本《汤姆叔叔的小屋》,集中探讨意识形态因素影响下,译者采取的不同翻译策略以及翻译目的。
In the past, the theory of translatology paid attention to the accurate expression in the translation of texts, and believed that the translator’s first priority is faithfulness. Later on, translation studies began to turn culturally. The external elements that affect translation began to receive attention. The translation was placed in a broader cultural context for discussion. One of them, Leverfur’s theory of manipulation, There are three factors that influence translation, namely, ideology, poetics, and patronage. This paper chooses the translated version of “The Call of Heaven” by Lin Shu and Wei Yi in 1901, the “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Huang Jizhong in 1982, and the Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Wang Jiaxiang in 1998, focusing on the influence of ideological factors Under the translator to take different translation strategies and translation purposes.