一、前言 主成分分析作为研究多变量之间关系的一种多元统计方法,巳被广泛地应用于地质学中。这是因为主成分分析不仅可以用较少的指标达到反映原多指标所提供的信息,而且可以揭示控制这些原始变量变化的某种内在因素。因此,在文献中,主成分常常被解释为物质来源、地球化学作用或成矿作用、元素赋存状态等。 但是,主成分分析的应用是有条件的。主成分分析模型的基本假设有二条: I. INTRODUCTION Principal component analysis, as a multivariate statistical method for studying the relationship between multivariate variables, has been widely used in geology. This is because PCA not only achieves the information provided by the original multivariate with fewer indicators but also reveals some internal factors that control the changes of these original variables. Therefore, in the literature, the principal component is often interpreted as the source of material, geochemical or mineralization, the state of the elements and so on. However, the application of principal component analysis is conditional. There are two basic assumptions of the principal component analysis model: