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目的:研究麝香、冰片、安息香和苏合香4味芳香开窍药对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血脑屏障结构与功能的影响。方法:线栓法制备局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型,透射电镜观察缺血侧半球额顶区皮质血脑屏障的超微结构,ELISA法测定缺血侧脑组织中血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的含量。结果:电镜结果显示,模型和溶媒组大鼠缺血侧半球额顶区皮质区域毛细血管内皮细胞、星型胶质细胞及神经元均出现不同程度的损伤,内皮细胞间的紧密连接打开,基膜溶解,细胞水肿较为严重。冰片(200 mg.kg-1)组大鼠的3种细胞结构基本正常,紧密连接结构较清晰,多数细胞器无显著异常表现;麝香(66.6 mg.kg-1)组大鼠毛细血管内皮细胞和星型胶质细胞结构基本规则,但神经元内的电子分布不均匀;苏合香(1.332 g.kg-1)组大鼠星型胶质细胞结构基本正常,但毛细血管内皮细胞和神经元均呈现不同程度的水肿表现;安息香(1.0 g.kg-1)组大鼠毛细血管内皮细胞和星型胶质细胞水肿明显,部分神经元有轻微水肿现象。此外,冰片能显著降低缺血侧脑组织中VEGF含量,但对MMP-9影响不明显;麝香有降低VEGF与MMP-9含量的趋势;苏合香与安息香的作用不明显。结论:芳香开窍药对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血脑屏障结构的损伤有一定保护作用,作用机制可能与下调VEGF,MMP-9水平有关,其中冰片作用为优,麝香次之,苏合香和安息香作用较弱。
Objective: To study the effects of 4 kinds of aromatic resuscitation drugs of Musk, Borneol, Benzoin and Su Hexiang on the structure and function of blood-brain barrier in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: The model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by thread occlusion. The ultrastructure of the blood-brain barrier in the cortical hemisphere of the ischemic hemisphere was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of vascular endothelial cells (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Results: Electron microscopy results showed that the capillary endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons in the frontal cortex of the ischemic hemisphere of the model and vehicle groups were damaged to some extent, and the tight junctions between endothelial cells opened Membrane lysis, cell swelling is more serious. The structure of three kinds of cells in borneol group (200 mg · kg-1) was normal, the structure of tight junction was clear and most of the organelles showed no abnormality. The capillary endothelial cells in musk (66.6 mg · kg-1) The basic rules of astrocyte structure were found, but the distribution of electrons in neurons was not uniform. The structure of astrocytes in Su-xiang (1.332 g · kg-1) group was basically normal, but the capillary endothelial cells and neurons showed There was obvious edema of capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes in the group of benzoin (1.0 g.kg-1), and some neurons had slight edema. In addition, borneol significantly reduced the content of VEGF in ischemic brain tissue, but had no obvious effect on MMP-9. Musk tended to reduce the content of VEGF and MMP-9. CONCLUSION: Aromatic resuscitation drugs have a protective effect on the damage of blood-brain barrier in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of VEGF and MMP-9 levels. The effects of borneol is superior to that of borneol followed by musk, Benzoin is weak.