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药物透皮吸收是指药物经皮肤途径转运至局部靶组织或全身血液循环的过程。此给药方式有如下优点:1。可绕过肝脏的首过效应(Firstpass effect)及肠胃道干扰;2.可缩小病人个体间及个体内的各次服药间的差异;3.较易维持稳定的血药浓度;4.能延长药物作用时间;5.能提高药物治疗效果;6.可减少给药频率;7.使用方便,病人乐于应用。对于治疗指数低的药物,无论使用传统剂型中的哪一种剂型都难以控制稳定的血药浓度,使用不安全;而对半衰期短的药物,需频繁给药,很不方便。这些药物均可以考虑透皮给药,这样可以避免口服控释给药受胃肠道影响的问题。一、透皮治疗系统的开发 1981年国外的透皮控释给药技术已达到成熟边缘,美国ALZA公司的TransdermScop首先上市,供治疗晕动病使用。接着FDA又批准了防治心绞痛用的
Drug transdermal absorption refers to the drug transdermal route to the local target tissue or systemic blood circulation process. This mode of administration has the following advantages: 1. Can bypass the first pass effect of the liver and gastrointestinal disturbances; 2. Can reduce the difference between individual patients and individual medication within the individual; 3. Easier to maintain a stable plasma concentration; 4. Can be extended Drug effect time; 5 can improve the effect of drug treatment; 6 can reduce the frequency of administration; 7 easy to use, the patient is happy to use. For those with low therapeutic index, it is not safe to use stable blood concentration regardless of the dosage form of the traditional dosage form. For drugs with short half-life, frequent administration is very inconvenient. These drugs can be considered transdermal drug delivery, thus avoiding the issue of oral administration of controlled release gastrointestinal tract. First, the development of transdermal therapeutic system In 1981, foreign transdermal controlled release drug delivery technology has reached the mature edge of the United States ALZA TransdermScop first listed for the treatment of motion sickness. Then FDA approved the use of anti-angina