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大气资源是地球大气中可以被人类所利用的物质、能量及其净化能力。在大气环境资源保护领域,我国已颁布了环境保护法、大气污染防治法等法律,但这些法律强调大气环境污染的防治,轻视大气资源的保护。根据大气资源稀缺性和在一个国家内,在一定时间、空间范围内具有相对独立性的特点,大气资源产权化具有充分的理论基础和现实意义。应科学评估大气资源的承载能力,开展大气资源产权制度研究,构建我国大气资源产权制度,拓展环境资源法学研究领域。要在大气资源使用分配中引入市场机制,合理开发、利用和保护大气资源,并加强研究,为国家应对气候变化、积极推进大气资源领域国际合作进程、加强国际合作与交流、有效实施大气资源管理和污染防治、实行排污收费和资源有偿使用及大气污染物排放权交易提供准确的理论依据和对策方案。鉴于我国大气污染的现状和趋势,有必要将大气污染防治法改为大气资源保护法,建立和完善以大气资源保护法为核心的大气资源法律体系。
Air resources are the substances, energies and purification capabilities of the Earth’s atmosphere that can be used by mankind. In the field of atmospheric environment protection, China has promulgated laws such as the Environmental Protection Law and the Law of Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution. However, these laws emphasize prevention and control of atmospheric and air pollution and despise the protection of atmospheric resources. According to the scarcity of atmospheric resources and the relative independence within a certain time and space within a country, the property rights of atmospheric resources have full theoretical and practical significance. We should scientifically evaluate the carrying capacity of air resources, carry out research on the system of property rights of air resources, construct the property rights system of air resources in our country, and expand the field of law and research in environmental resources. Market mechanisms should be introduced in the use and distribution of air resources to rationally develop, utilize and protect atmospheric resources and to strengthen research to actively promote international cooperation in the field of atmospheric resources in response to climate change, strengthen international cooperation and exchange and effectively implement air resources management And pollution prevention and control, the implementation of emission charges and the paid use of resources and emissions of air pollutants to provide accurate theoretical basis and countermeasures. In view of the current situation and trend of air pollution in our country, it is necessary to change the Law of Prevention and Control of Air Pollution into the Law of the Protection of Atmospheric Resources and establish and perfect the legal system of air resources with the law of the protection of atmospheric resources as the core.