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目的分析益阳市中心城区学龄儿童饮食习惯、肥胖和心血管疾病发生率间的关系。方法以随机整群抽样的方法,选择益阳市中心城区4所学校,共计786名6~13岁儿童。以问卷调查的方式收集受试者的基本资料和饮食习惯,并对所有儿童进行体格和心血管疾病指标检查,并对饮食习惯与肥胖和心血管疾病关系进行探讨。结果本组肥胖和超重儿童检出率分别为6.7%和14.5%,且男生的肥胖和超重率均显著高于女生(P<0.05);肥胖儿童不食水果蔬菜、喜食零食和喜食油炸食品的比例较高(P<0.05),且其FBG、SBP、DBP、TC、TG和LDL-C均显著高于正常儿童(P<0.05),肥胖儿童在高血压、高FPG和高TC等检出率方面均显著高于正常儿童,且高血压和高TC检出率亦高于超重儿童(P<0.05)。结论学龄儿童肥胖和超重率较高,不良的饮食行为对儿童体重影响较大,且肥胖儿童发生心血管疾病的风险增加,应加强相关儿童的饮食指导工作。
Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary habits, obesity and cardiovascular disease among school-age children in downtown Yiyang. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 4 schools in downtown Yiyang City, for a total of 786 children aged 6-13 years. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the basic information and dietary habits of the subjects. All children were examined for physical and cardiovascular disease indicators and the relationship between eating habits and obesity and cardiovascular disease was explored. Results The detection rates of obese and overweight children in this group were 6.7% and 14.5%, respectively, and the obesity and overweight rates were significantly higher in boys than in girls (P <0.05); obese children did not eat fruits and vegetables, snacks and edible oils FBG, SBP, DBP, TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly higher in children with obesity than those in normal children (P <0.05) And other detection rates were significantly higher than normal children, and high blood pressure and high TC detection rate was also higher than those in overweight children (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of obesity and overweight in school-aged children is high. Poor dietary behaviors have a significant impact on children’s weight, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in obese children increases. Therefore, the guidance of children’s diet should be strengthened.