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世界上不少国家,都把铁路电气化作为国策,并优先用在客、货运输量大的繁忙干线上。例如苏联提出:“铁路过渡到电力牵引,是技术进步的最主要的方向”。苏联到1985年,电气化铁路里程将超过5万公里,占全国铁路网总长度的34.5%,承担着60%的运输工作量。日本到1976年,已取消了蒸汽牵引,到1982年电气化铁路里程已达8700 km,电化率达40.6%电力率引承担货运量的83.4%,客运量的85.4%。印度在1973年后遇到了能源危机,石油涨价,在进口原油使外汇紧张的情况下,认识到必需改用电力牵引,以便使用丰富的水力和热电资源。计划到1990年将有一万公里电气化铁路。西德从五十年代开始进行牵引动力改革,到目前电化率已达85%。综观国外情况,一些主要采用电气化的国家,多是用三分之一的电气化铁路承担着四分之三以上的运量。
Many countries in the world have electrified railway as their national policy and have given priority to the busy trunk lines with large passenger and cargo traffic. For example, the Soviet Union put forward: “The transition of railways to electric traction is the most important direction for technological progress.” By 1985, the Soviet Union will have an electrified railway mileage of over 50,000 kilometers, accounting for 34.5% of the total length of the national railway network and undertaking 60% of the transportation workload. By 1976, Japan had canceled the steam traction. By 1982, the electrified railway mileage had reached 8700 km with an electrification rate of 40.6%. The power rate was 83.4% of the freight load and 85.4% of the passenger traffic. India experienced an energy crisis in 1973, with oil price hikes, recognizing the need to switch to electricity traction in order to use abundant hydro and thermoelectric resources, in the wake of the pressure of foreign crude oil imports. It is planned that by 1990 there will be 10,000 kilometers of electrified railway. West Germany from the fifties began traction reform, the current rate of electricity has reached 85%. Looking at the foreign situation, some electrified countries mainly use more than three-quarters of the capacity with one-third of the electrified railways.