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目的:探讨早产发生的高危因素及其对新生儿预后的影响。方法:将245例早产分娩产妇分为28～33+6周和34～36+6周两组,回顾性分析和比较两组早产的病因及新生儿结局。结果:早产病因的前5位依次为胎膜早破、妊娠合并下生殖道感染、妊娠胆汁淤积症、双胎、臀位;两组孕产妇的年龄及人工流产史比较差异无统计学意义,而新生儿死亡、新生儿窒息及新生儿低体重发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:早产是新生儿发病和死亡的主要原因,胎龄越小、新生儿体重越低,其窒息和死亡发生率越高。提高对早产高危因素的预防及治疗,对于防治早产、改善新生儿预后、降低围产儿死亡率具有十分重要的意义。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of preterm birth and its impact on the prognosis of newborns. Methods: 245 cases of preterm labor were divided into two groups: 28-33 + 6 weeks and 34-36 + 6 weeks. The etiology and neonatal outcome of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results: The first five causes of preterm birth were premature rupture of membranes, genital tract infection with pregnancy, cholestasis of pregnancy, twins and buttocks. There was no significant difference in the age and abortion history between the two groups Neonatal death, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal low birth weight were significantly different (P <0.01). Conclusion: Premature labor is the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The smaller the gestational age, the lower the neonatal weight, the higher the incidence of asphyxia and death. To improve the prevention and treatment of risk factors for preterm birth is very important for preventing and curing premature birth, improving the prognosis of neonates and reducing perinatal mortality.