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针对多无人机紧密编队飞行中的气动耦合问题,提出了一种基于涡流模型分析和计算流体力学(CFD)仿真相结合的气动耦合研究方法。该方法首先在分析长机尾涡对僚机产生诱导速度的基础上,分别建立了僚机气动增量、两机相对位置及相对方位的数学模型,进一步通过仿真计算得到编队飞行时的最佳间距,最后利用CFD对长机与僚机间的气动耦合效应进行了仿真。结果表明:X-47B无人机按此间距编队飞行时,僚机的升阻比从5.4774提高到7.2231。
Aiming at the problem of aerodynamic coupling in multi-UAV close formation flight, a method of aerodynamic coupling based on eddy current model analysis and CFD simulation is proposed. Based on the analysis of the inducing speed of the long tail vortex to the wingman, this method establishes the mathematical models of the wing incremental increment, the relative position of the two planes and the relative azimuth respectively, and then obtains the optimal spacing in the formation flight by simulation. Finally, the CFD was used to simulate the aerodynamic coupling effect between the long machine and the wingman. The results show that when the X-47B UAV flew in this interval, the ratio of the liftman to the wingman increased from 5.4774 to 7.2231.