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建筑中,由若干承重构件连接而成,能够承受各种“作用”的体系,称为建筑结构。作用可分为直接作用和间接作用两类。直接作用是指作用在结构上的各种荷载,如构件自重、楼面和屋面活荷载、风荷载等,它们能直接使结构产生内力和变形。间接作用则是指由于地基变形、混凝土收缩、温度变化和地震等在结构中引起外加变形和约束变形,从而产生内力。建筑结构在建筑中起骨架作用,是建筑的重要组成部分。
Building, connected by a number of load-bearing components, can withstand a variety of “system ” system, known as the building structure. The role can be divided into two types of direct and indirect effects. Direct action refers to the various loads acting on the structure, such as self-weight of components, live loads of floors and roofs, wind loads, etc., which can directly cause internal forces and deformations of the structure. Indirect action is due to deformation of the foundation, concrete shrinkage, temperature changes and earthquakes in the structure caused by additional deformation and constraint deformation, resulting in internal forces. Building structure plays a role in the skeleton, is an important part of the building.