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目的了解艾滋病高发区中学生艾滋病相关知识知晓情况,为健康教育和行为干预提供依据。方法在安徽省5个艾滋病防治示范区,运用结构式问卷对3 302名初二和高二年级学生进行调查。结果中学生艾滋病相关知识的总体知晓率为78.8%,男生(79.3%)高于女生(77.4%)(P<0.01),高二年级学生(85.4%)高于初二年级学生(71.5%)(P<0.01),城区(79.9%)高于乡镇(74.0%)(P<0.01),其中对传播途径、非传播途径和防治知识的知晓率分别为89.5%,78.3%和72.3%。获取知识途径的前3位依次为电视(83.0%)、教师(62.4%)、招贴画和挂图(58.8%)。结论安徽省示范区中学生艾滋病相关知识知晓率较高。但应继续加强对艾滋病非传播途径及预防知识的教育,并以初中生、女生和农村中学生为重点,进一步发挥学校教师在健康教育中的作用。
Objective To understand the status of AIDS-related knowledge among middle school students in high-risk areas and provide evidence for health education and behavioral interventions. Methods A total of 3 302 junior high school students and 2 senior high school students were surveyed using structural questionnaires in five AIDS prevention and control demonstration areas in Anhui Province. Results The overall awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge in middle school students was 78.8%. Boys (79.3%) were higher than girls (77.4%) (P<0.01). Senior secondary students (85.4%) were higher than junior students (71.5%) (P (0.01), urban areas (79.9%) were higher than townships (74.0%) (P<0.01), and the awareness rate of transmission routes, non-transmission routes, and prevention knowledge was 89.5%, 78.3%, and 72.3%, respectively. The top three places for access to knowledge were television (83.0%), teachers (62.4%), posters and wall charts (58.8%). Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among middle school students in demonstration areas in Anhui Province is relatively high. However, education on HIV non-transmission pathways and preventive knowledge should continue to be strengthened, and junior high school students, girls, and rural middle school students should be given priority to further develop the role of school teachers in health education.