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运用“声符示源”的方法,考察以“番”为声符的形声字,并根据其词义的不同分类,以探索以“番”为声符的同源词所构建的语义系统。《说文解字》:“番,兽足谓之番。从釆;田,象其掌。”“番”为象形字,义为兽足,汉字中存在很多从“番”得声的字,根据“声符示源”原则,这些形声字的词义与“番”存在一定的联系。然而,“形声字的内部是很复杂的,由于声符的音表示的语源义有多元性特征;便可能向不同方向孳乳。”[1]以“番”为声符的同源词却呈现不同的语义特征。根据这些同源词所含有的共同语义成分,可将其分为以下几类。
Using the method of “syllabification source ”, we study the phonetic characters with “Fan ” as the phonetic symbols, and according to the different classification of their semantic meaning, explore the cognate words with “Fan Build the semantic system. ”Explain Word“: ”Fan, beast foot Fan said. From precincts, Tian, like its palm. “ ”Fan “ as a pictograph, meaning for the beast, there are many Chinese characters from the ”Fan “The sound of the word, according to ” syllabification source “principle, the meaning of these shaped sound words and ” Fan “there is a certain relationship. However, the internal shape of a phonogram is very complicated. Since the phonetic meaning of a phonetic symbol has a pluralistic characteristic, it may breed in different directions. ”[1] Cognate words have different semantic features. According to the common semantic components contained in these cognates, they can be divided into the following categories.