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中日交流源远流长,其中文字词汇的交流更是相当频繁。隋唐时期,汉字大量传入日本,原本没有文字的日本才开始系统地利用汉字记载自己的语言。然而,明治维新后这种情况却发生了逆转,大量的日本词汇开始进入中国,日语借词开始成为中国人日常语言表达的重要组成部分。本文将汉语中的日语借词的传入分为三个高潮期,结合例子分析各个时期日语借词的特点,由此管窥中日词汇交流的轨迹以及日语借词对汉语的影响。
The exchange between China and Japan goes back to ancient times, and the exchange of written words is quite frequent. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, a great number of Chinese characters were introduced into Japan. Originally, there was no written language and Japan began to systematically use Chinese characters to record its own language. However, after the Meiji Restoration, the situation reversed. A large number of Japanese words began to enter China. Japanese loanwords began to become an important part of Chinese everyday language expression. This paper divides the introduction of Japanese loanwords in Chinese into three climaxes. By analyzing the characteristics of Japanese loanwords in different periods with examples, this paper gives a glimpse of the trajectory of the exchange of Chinese and Japanese words and the impact of Japanese loanwords on Chinese.