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迁移(transfer)是一个认知心理学术语,指的是在先前的学习(或训练)中获得的知识和技能对学习新知识、新技能或解决新问题所产生的影响。心理学家对迁移现象的关注由来已久,随着语言学研究的兴起,这一现象也引起了众多语言学研究者的兴趣。本文先简介了认知迁移(包括正迁移和负迁移)的理论,然后采用实证方法对该理论进行检验,最终总结出中国教育者该如何应用迁移理论指导英语教学。
Transfer is a cognitive psychology term that refers to the impact of the acquired knowledge and skills gained in previous learning (or training) on learning new knowledge, new skills, or solving new problems. Psychologists pay a lot of attention to the phenomenon of migration. With the rise of linguistic research, this phenomenon has also attracted the interest of many linguistic researchers. This article first introduces the theory of cognitive migration (including positive and negative migration), and then uses empirical methods to test the theory, and finally summarizes how Chinese educators should apply migration theory to guide English teaching.