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一、前言差分干涉雷达(SAR)属于干涉SAR的高级处理技术,应用差分干涉SAR可以监测地表的微小形变(波长级),对于研究精密大地测量、地震学、火山监测等都有重要的意义。由差分干涉处理获得的地壳形变为斜距向,为了与GPS及其它资料相比较,还需要将其分解为竖向与水平向两个分量。为此本文研究了断层活动、强震运动、卫星轨道等之间的关系,确定了不同情况下,斜距向形变分解成水平与竖向两个分量的公式。在以上工作的基础上,处理了西藏玛尼1997年Ms7.5强震区地震前后5景ERS-1/2 SAR图像,获得了差分干涉雷达图像,并精确测量了最大水平与竖向位移分量。
I. Introduction Differential Interferometric Radar (SAR) is an advanced processing technique for interferometric SAR. The application of Differential Interferometric SAR can monitor small deformation (wavelength level) of the earth’s surface and is of great significance for the study of precision geodesy, seismology and volcano monitoring. The crustal deformation obtained by the differential interference process is transformed into a slant range. In order to compare with GPS and other data, it is also necessary to decompose it into two components vertically and horizontally. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship between fault activity, strong earthquakes and satellite orbits, and determines the formulas for decomposing slant range deformation into horizontal and vertical components under different conditions. Based on the above work, the ERS-1/2 SAR images of 5 scenes before and after the MS7 earthquake in 1997 in Mani, Tibet were processed to obtain the differential interference radar image and to accurately measure the maximum horizontal and vertical displacement components .