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超额翻译系指译文承载的信息量大于原文的信息量;欠额翻译则指译文承载的信息量小于原文的信息量。英汉两种语言属于不同语系,文化渊源迥异,因此在英汉互译中,很多时候会有超额与欠额的情况发生,“等额”翻译在某些情况能够实现,但多数情况下只是个理想。不过,随着中西文化彼此渗透与融合,逐渐趋同的进程,超额翻译与欠额翻译会逐渐减少。
Excessive translation means that the amount of information carried by the translation is greater than that of the original text; the translation of the deficit means that the amount of information carried by the translation is less than the original text. The English and Chinese languages belong to different languages and their cultural origins are very different. Therefore, in the translation between English and Chinese, there are many cases of excess and deficiency. The “equivalence” translation can be achieved in some cases, but in most cases it is just a ideal. However, as Chinese and Western cultures permeate and merge with each other and gradually converge, over-translation and under-translation will gradually decrease.