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目的分析怀化市2010-2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,客观评价疫苗免疫的安全性,提高免疫接种工作质量,制定科学免疫策略。方法用描述性流行病学方法对辖区内疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统报告的2010-2011年AEFI病例数据进行分析。结果 2010-2011年期间怀化市报告AEFI共286例,报告一般反应264例(92.31%),异常反应12例(4.2%),偶合症7例(2.44%),心因性反应2例(0.69%),接种事故1例(0.35%)。报告发生不良反应的疫苗有20种,其中23价肺炎疫苗的AEFI发生率最高(6.15/10万)。AEFI年龄分布主要集中在0~1岁组,占报告病例的63.28%,报告以发热/红肿/硬结等一般反应为主,占总病例的92.3%。结论 2010年报告1例接种事故,说明怀化市预防接种服务质量有待进一步提高,应加强预防接种门诊规范化建设及人员培训,同时加强宣传教育,以减少AEFI对免疫规划工作带来的负面影响。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected immunization anaphylaxis (AEFI) in 2010-2011 in Huaihua City, objectively evaluate the safety of vaccine immunization, improve the quality of immunization work and formulate a scientific immunization strategy. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the AEFI case data from 2010 to 2011 reported by the information system of suspected anaphylaxis vaccination in the area. Results A total of 286 AEFI cases were reported in Huaihua City during 2010-2011. There were 264 cases (92.31%) with general reaction, 12 cases (4.2%) with abnormal reaction, 7 cases with intercourse (2.44%) and 2 cases with psychogenic reaction %), Vaccination accident in 1 case (0.35%). There were 20 types of vaccines reported to have adverse reactions, of which the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine had the highest AEFI incidence (6.15 / 100,000). The age distribution of AEFI mainly concentrated in the 0 to 1 year old group, accounting for 63.28% of the reported cases. The reported general reactions such as fever, swelling and induration were 92.5% of the total cases. Conclusion One case of vaccination was reported in 2010, indicating that the quality of immunization services in Huaihua City needs to be further improved. The standardization of vaccination clinics and personnel training should be strengthened. At the same time, publicity and education should be stepped up to reduce the negative impact of AEFI on immunization planning.