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对大兴安岭北部塔河县7个森林群落的土壤动物进行研究,将该区土壤动物划分为腐食性、植食性和捕食性动物三个功能类群,无论个体数量还是生物量,腐食性动物所占比例都最大,而植食性和捕食性动物所占比例较小。土壤动物各功能类群在组成、个体数量和生物量等方面均具有相对稳定性,并在一定程度上反映了环境质量。土壤环境条件优越的群落,腐食性动物的个体数量及生物量所占比例相应较大。与小兴安岭森林土壤动物相比,大兴安岭地区腐食性动物所占比例减小,植食性和捕食性动物所占比例相应增加。各地区的共有类群反映了大环境的相似程度,而特有类群则反映出各自局地环境的特殊性,它们对生态系统具有指示作用。
Soil fauna of seven forest communities in Tahe County, northern Da Hinggan Mountains were studied. The fauna were divided into three functional groups: rotifer, herbivore and predatory animals. No matter the number of individuals or the biomass, the proportion of the predators Are the largest, while the proportion of herbivores and predators is small. The soil fauna functional groups have relative stability in terms of composition, individual quantity and biomass, and to a certain extent, reflect the environmental quality. In the community with superior soil environmental conditions, the proportion of individuals and biomass of the carnivore animals is correspondingly larger. Compared with the forest soil fauna in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, the proportion of the predators in the Greater Hinggan Mountains is reduced, and the proportion of herbivores and predators is correspondingly increased. The common taxa in different regions reflect the similarities of the macroscopical environment, while the endemic taxa reflect the particularity of the local environment and they have the directive function to the ecosystem.