成功的跨文化交际不仅需要良好的外语语言技能 ,而且必须掌握外语交际所需的文化背景知识。文化因素在跨文化交际环境中起着重要的作用。文化诸因素在不同程度上规定人们对外界行为的感知方式 ,决定人们的交际语言 ,指导人们的交际行为。因此 ,研究交际行为的差异必须以文化差异为出发点。研究中俄文化差异 ,进行文化对比可以防止母语文化的负迁移 ,排除跨文化交际中的文化干扰 ,做到与目的语社团成员交际的有效性和得体性。总之 ,探索中俄文化的冲突 ,培养并提高跨文化交际能力是克服交际障碍 ,避免交际失败的有效方法 Successful intercultural communication requires not only good foreign language skills, but also the cultural background necessary for foreign language communication. Cultural factors play an important role in the intercultural communication environment. To varying degrees, various factors of culture stipulate people’s perception of external behavior, determine people’s communicative language, and guide people’s communicative behaviors. Therefore, the study of communicative behavior differences must be based on cultural differences as the starting point. Studying the cultural differences between China and Russia, comparing cultures can prevent the negative transfer of native culture, eliminate the cultural interference in cross-cultural communication, and achieve the validity and grace of communication with target language community members. In short, to explore the Sino-Russian cultural conflicts and to develop and improve intercultural communication skills are effective ways to overcome communication barriers and avoid communication failures