无创正压通气(NPPV)是机械通气的一种形式,是指使用鼻/面罩而不经气管插管或切开增加肺泡通气的正压通气方法。20世纪90年代以来,临床随机对照研究进一步证实了NPPV的有效性和可依从性,在成人各种急性呼吸衰竭的治疗中占有重要位置,渐成为急性呼吸衰竭患者的一线治疗方法[1～5] Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) is a form of mechanical ventilation that refers to positive pressure ventilation that increases the alveolar ventilation using a nasal / mask without endotracheal intubation or incision. Since the 1990s, clinical randomized controlled studies have further confirmed the effectiveness and compliance of NPPV in the treatment of acute respiratory failure in adults occupy an important position, gradually became the first-line treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure [1 ~ 5 ]