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欧洲为什么率先进行工业革命是一个永恒的问题,从东西方环境史比较的角度可能会对此得出独特的解释。当然,这种比较必须建立在坚实的实地研究的基础上。本文要分析的十个问题是:谨慎对待精神观点,环境史的制度分析,耕地与牧场的平衡与失衡,西欧的婚姻模式,延续、持续性和自给自足,森林和权力,欧洲多中心主义的优势,魏特夫“亚细亚生产方式”的绿色复兴,欧洲殖民主义的环境影响,环境史上是否存在一个“欧洲奇迹”。从这十方面的比较中会对“环境史中的欧洲特殊道路问题”有更清楚的把握,进而揭示出一个辩证的历史逻辑,即“长期的成功恰恰加剧了危机”。这或许就是东方前现代的繁荣昭示给现在西方文明的前景。
Why Europe took the lead in carrying out the industrial revolution is an eternal question that may be uniquely explained in the light of the comparative environmental history of the East and the West. Of course, this comparison must be based on a solid field study. The ten issues to be analyzed in this paper are: a cautious approach to spiritual perspectives, a systematic analysis of environmental history, a balance and imbalance of cultivated land and pastures, patterns of marriage in Western Europe, continuity, sustainability and autonomy, forests and power, European polycentricism Advantages, the green revival of the Weathemann “Asia Production System”, the environmental impact of European colonialism and the existence of a “European miracle” in environmental history. From these ten comparisons, we will have a clearer grasp of “the special road problems in Europe in environmental history.” This will reveal a dialectical historical logic that “long-term success has exacerbated the crisis.” This is perhaps the prospect that the prosperity of the pre-modern East was revealed to the present Western civilization.