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目的 :了解并掌握老年人的膳食摄入及肥胖、高血压的现状 ,为实施一级预防干预及其干预措施是提供科学的依据。方法 :对长沙市 130例老年人健康状况、膳食营养的现况进行测量。结果 :不同性别年龄组每标准人日热能、脂肪摄入量均高于RDA ;脂肪占总热能的比例为 33.5 8% ,P/S为 1.30 ;钙、锌摄入量偏低 ,分别占RDA的 6 1.5 9%和 78.0 3% ;肥胖人数占总人数 48.5 %。高血压和冠心病则分别占总人数的 45 .4%和37.7%。结论 :遵循世界卫生组织提出关于老年人保健的原则 :足够的体力和脑力活动以减少功能性衰退 ,维持生活自理能力 ;通过社交有助维持个人的能力 ;避免不利于健康的生活方式 ;早期诊断和干预 ;注意合理的膳食。
Objective: To understand and master the dietary intake of the elderly and the current status of obesity and hypertension, and provide scientific basis for the implementation of primary prevention interventions and interventions. Methods: The status quo of health status and dietary nutrition of 130 elderly people in Changsha City were measured. Results: The daily heat energy and fat intake of each standard age group were higher than those of RDA; the ratio of fat to total heat energy was 33.5 8%, P/S was 1.30; calcium and zinc intake were low, which accounted for RDA respectively. Of the population, 1.5 9% and 78.0 3% were obese and the total number of people was 48.5 %. Hypertension and coronary heart disease accounted for 45.4% and 37.7% of the total. Conclusion: Follow the World Health Organization’s principles for health care for the elderly: adequate physical and mental activity to reduce functional decline and maintain self-care capabilities; help maintain personal capabilities through social interactions; avoid life-threatening lifestyles; early diagnosis And intervention; pay attention to a reasonable meal.