日本从上个世纪90年代就在运输、金融、电气通信、能源等规制产业领域里开始了推进规制改革。以前,按产业、行业而形成的纵向式规制体系早已根深蒂固,而且形成了被细分化的分管结构。与打破这种分管结构一起,在构筑市场准入以及横向性规制上取得了一定的成果。这种规制改革,就是以引进竞争、促进竞争来形成效率的最大化为目的,与反垄断法、竞争政策的目的同出一辙。由于规制体系的革新,就连以前反垄断法的规定所不能及的规制产业,也可适用竞争法(反垄断法),现已形成新的规制政策和竞争政策并存的过渡时期。在这一过渡期中,规制法、政策与竞争法、政策的关系已从对立发展到协动的时代,在具体的协动上正按行业进行着探索。 Since the 90s of last century, Japan began to push for regulatory reforms in the fields of regulated industries such as transportation, finance, telecommunications and energy. In the past, the vertical regulatory system formed by industries and industries has long been deeply rooted and has formed a subdivision structure. Along with the break-through of such a structure, some achievements have been made in building market access and horizontal regulation. This regulatory reform aims at maximizing efficiency by introducing competition and promoting competition, which is exactly the same as antitrust and competition policies. Due to the reform of the regulatory system, competition law (antitrust law) can be applied even to regulated industries that were not covered by the provisions of antitrust laws. A transitional period has emerged in which both regulatory and competition policies coexist. During this transitional period, the relations between the regulatory law, policies and competition law and policy have gone from opposition development to cooperation era, and are being explored by industry in concrete cooperation.