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磷是一种不可更新、难以替代的资源,磷的资源危机将对我国社会可持续发展乃至人类的生存构成严重威胁。我国现有磷矿储量能够维持再使用70年左右的时间,如果仅以富磷矿磷储量[w(P2O5)≥30%]计算,富磷矿储量仅能维持使用10～15年。因此,充分认识磷资源,合理开发和利用磷矿,同时寻找新的出路,对保障我国国民经济可持续发展有着重要的战略意义。通过对现阶段我国与世界磷的资源储备、生产状况、品位变化的对比,陈述现阶段我国磷矿资源开发利用所面临的问题,提出磷资源可持续利用的建议。
Phosphorus is a non-renewable and hard-to-replace resource. The resource crisis of phosphorus poses a serious threat to the sustainable development of our society and even the survival of mankind. The existing reserves of phosphate rock in our country can be reused for about 70 years. If the reserves of phosphorus-rich rock phosphate [w (P2O5) ≥30%] are used, the reserves of phosphate rock can only be maintained for 10 to 15 years. Therefore, fully understanding the phosphorus resources, developing and utilizing the phosphate rock rationally, and looking for new ways at the same time have an important strategic significance for ensuring the sustainable development of our national economy. By comparing the current situation of reserves, production status and grade of P in our country and the world at present, we present the problems that the development and utilization of phosphate resources in our country is facing at the present stage and put forward suggestions on the sustainable utilization of P resources.