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目的了解并掌握甘肃省武威市托幼机构消毒工作的现状与质量,为预防传染病和食物中毒的发生提供科学依据。方法物体表面、玩具和保育员手采用无菌棉拭子沾湿采样液,按照规定面积进行涂抹采样;检测严格按照《消毒技术规范》执行;检测项目包括细菌菌落总数、致病菌;检测结果依照《消毒管理办法》相关卫生标准,以物体表面、保教人员手细菌总数≤10 cfu/cm2,致病菌不得检出;紫外线灯管强度≥70μW/cm2为合格。结果 2012—2014年武威市公立幼儿园采样监测95份,消毒质量合格率95.8%,私立幼儿园采样监测741份,合格率93.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.904,P<0.05);玩具、物体表面、保育员手和紫外线灯共采样监测836份,合格率93.9%,其中保育员手监测合格率最高97.9%,紫外线灯合格率最低84.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=0.668,P<0.05);在每年四季中,3月共采样监测180份,合格率最高97.2%,6—9月监测456份,合格率最低85.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=34.111,P<0.05)。结论武威市托幼机构消毒质量合格率呈逐年上升趋势,但在日常监督监测工作中也发现诸多问题,今后仍应加强对托幼机构消毒知识的培训、监督监测及技术指导工作。
Objective To understand and grasp the status quo and quality of disinfection work in kindergartens and nurseries in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of infectious diseases and food poisoning. Methods The surface of the object, the toys and the nurses’ hands use a sterile cotton swab to wet the sample liquid, smear and sample according to the specified area; the test is performed strictly in accordance with the Technical Specifications for Disinfection; the test items include the total number of bacterial colonies and pathogenic bacteria; According to the “Sanitation Management Measures” related to health standards, to the surface of the object, the total number of hand care workers bacteria ≤ 10 cfu / cm2, pathogenic bacteria may not be detected; UV lamp intensity ≥ 70μW / cm2 as qualified. Results A total of 95 samples were collected from public kindergartens in Wuwei City during 2012-2014. The pass rate of disinfection was 95.8%. The sampling rate was 93.6% in private kindergartens. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 12.904, P <0.05). Toy, object surface, nursery staff and UV lamp were sampled and monitored 836 samples with a passing rate of 93.9%, of which the highest rate of 97.9% and the lowest pass rate of UV lamp was 84.9%, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.668, P <0.05). In the four seasons every year, a total of 180 samples were sampled and monitored with the highest pass rate of 97.2% and 456 samples in June-September with the lowest passing rate of 85.3%, with significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 34.111, P <0.05). Conclusion The passing rate of disinfection quality in kindergartens and nurseries in Wuwei City has been increasing year by year. However, many problems have been found in daily supervision and monitoring work. Training, supervisory monitoring and technical guidance on nursery disinfection knowledge should still be strengthened in the future.