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针对传统的水文地质学中地下水资源被定义为可逐年得到恢复的地下淡水量,本文通过分析含水层系统的组成特点、含水层和弱透水层的释水特征,揭示了地下水资源的永久性消耗机理。结合苏锡常地区近30年内大规模开采地下水资源过程中地下水位变化以及地面沉降的实测数据,研究了地下水被大量抽取后含水层系统的永久性压缩。含水层系统的释水变形直接导致了永久性的地面沉降和地下水储存空间的缩减,原本储存在含水层系统中的部分地下水资源将无法得到恢复储存,无法恢复的这部分地下水资源其实已被永久性地消耗了。永久性消耗的地下水资源总量与地面沉降的总体积基本一致,结合苏锡常地区含水层系统常年开采后引起的地面沉降量估算,得出永久性消耗的地下水累计量约占该区域地下水开采总量的41.8%~65.8%。
In view of the traditional groundwater resources in hydrogeology, groundwater resources are defined as the amount of underground freshwater that can be recovered year by year. This article reveals the permanent consumption of groundwater resources by analyzing the compositional characteristics of aquifer systems and the water release characteristics of aquifers and aquitards mechanism. Based on the data of groundwater level changes and surface subsidence during the large-scale exploitation of groundwater resources in the past 30 years in the Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, the permanent compression of the aquifer system after extensive extraction of groundwater was studied. Dewatering and deformation of the aquifer system directly leads to permanent land subsidence and reduction of groundwater storage space. Some groundwater resources originally stored in the aquifer system will not be restored and stored, and this part of groundwater resources that can not be recovered has in fact been permanently Consumed sexually. The total amount of groundwater permanently consumed is basically consistent with the total volume of ground subsidence. Based on the estimation of ground subsidence caused by perennial exploitation of the aquifer system in the areas of Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, it is concluded that the cumulative amount of groundwater consumed permanently accounts for about the total amount of groundwater exploitation in the area Of 41.8% ~ 65.8%.