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1.[误]—What can I do for you？
— Yes， please help me.
[正]— What can I do for you？
— I’d like to buy a sweater.
[析] What can I do for you？ 这一问句实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么？在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么？它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
2.[误] Do you like to come with us tonight？
[正] Would you like to come with us tonight？
[析] Do you like … 问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming？ Do you like collecting stamps？ 而 would you like … 則是一次性的邀请、提议。
3. [误]—Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.
—Not at all.（根本没有。）
[正] Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.
—Never mind.（别介意。）
4.[误]—What’s that man？
—He is Mike.
[正]—What’s that man？
—He is a teacher.
[正]—Who’s that man？
—He is Mike.（He is Mike’s father.）
[析] 由 what 提问是问的职业，由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。
5. [误]— How much are they？
— Half a kilo， please.
[正]— How many bananas do you want？
— Half a kilo， Please.
[析] How much are they？ 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
6. [误] I’m sorry， but is this the way to the park？
[正] Excuse me， but is this the way to the park？
[析] I’m sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而 Excuse me 是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
7.[误]—Have a good time tonight！
—You are the same.
[正]—Have a good time tonight！？
—The same to you.
[析] The same to you 意为我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。
8.[误]—What’s the problem？
—I’ve got a headache.
[正]—What’s wrong with you？
—I’ve got a headache.
[析] What’s wrong with you？ 是询问对方身体状态如何，而 What’s the problem？是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
9.[误]—Now， I’m back. Can I play？
—Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.
[正]—Now， I’m back. Can I play？
—I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.
[析] Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如： —Am I right？ —Perhaps. 而 I’m afraid not 则表达一种不同意的态度。
10.[误]—How soon will you be ready？
—Two days.
[正]—How soon will you be ready？
— In two days.
[析] 此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是“还有多久才能作完”，这时要用 in two days，即在两天之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。
11. [误]—Would you mind if I have some time off？
—I don’t mind.
—Monday and Tuesday of next week.
[正]—Would you mind if I have some time off？
—When exactly.
—Monday and Tuesday of next week. [析] 有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I don’t mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly？ 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
12.[误] Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you？”
[正] Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello？ This is Tom speaking？”
[析] 在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问“Who’s that（speaking）？”但不要讲“Who are you？”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲“This is ×××× speaking”而不要讲“I’m ××××”也不要讲“My name is ×××××.” 就语法而论，“Who are you？” “I’m ××××.”“My name is ×××××.”并没有错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。
13.[误]—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend？
— I don’t hope so.
[正]—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend？
—I hope not.
[析] 由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中 I think so/I hope so/ I believe so是相同的，但在否定句中却常用 I don’t think so. 但I don’t believe so. 和 I don’t hope so. 则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not.和 I hope not.则为：我想可能不会发生吧！
14.[误]—Is anybody there？
— No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
[正]—Is everybody there？
—No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
[析] 许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词。Is anybody here？ 在英语中意为：这里有人吗？而Is everybody here？为：全都到齐了吗？所以首先要考虑的是其答语。 No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
15.[误]—Your handwriting is very good！
—No， my handwriting is very poor.
[正]—Your handwriting is very good！
—Thank you.
[析] 中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you. 又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going？ 或 Have you had your breakfast yet？而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如： Hello！ How are you going？ （你过得怎样）！ 等。而Good morning 和 How do you do则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见
16.[误] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave， you may say：“Excuse me. I’ll go first.”
[正] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave， you may say：“Excuse me. I have to go.”
[析] 这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲 I’ll go first. 朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。
17.[误]—Would you like to come to dinner tonight？
—I’d like to， and I’m too busy.
[正]—Would you like to come to dinner tonight？
—I’d like to， but I’m too busy.
[析] I’m too busy与 I’d like to在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。
18.[误]—Where’s Deter？
—Deter will come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet.
[正]—Where’s Deter？
—Deter may come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet.
[析] 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的來与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用 may 来表达一个不肯定的事件。
19.[误]—Hi， haven’t seen you for ages！ You look fine！
—Great. You look well too.
[正]—Hi， haven’t seen you for ages！ You look fine！
—Thanks. You look well too.
[析] 要注意的是 Great 在口语中多表示惊叹，而 Thanks 则表示感谢对方的称赞。所以对情景谈话要有准确的判定，要根据情景，身临其境，上下对照，周密思考，弄清场合，注意英美人的风俗习惯，注重语义上的词语辨析，并要进行大量的语言实践练习，扩大实际交际能力。
— Yes， please help me.
[正]— What can I do for you？
— I’d like to buy a sweater.
[析] What can I do for you？ 这一问句实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么？在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么？它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
2.[误] Do you like to come with us tonight？
[正] Would you like to come with us tonight？
[析] Do you like … 问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming？ Do you like collecting stamps？ 而 would you like … 則是一次性的邀请、提议。
3. [误]—Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.
—Not at all.（根本没有。）
[正] Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.
—Never mind.（别介意。）
4.[误]—What’s that man？
—He is Mike.
[正]—What’s that man？
—He is a teacher.
[正]—Who’s that man？
—He is Mike.（He is Mike’s father.）
[析] 由 what 提问是问的职业，由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。
5. [误]— How much are they？
— Half a kilo， please.
[正]— How many bananas do you want？
— Half a kilo， Please.
[析] How much are they？ 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
6. [误] I’m sorry， but is this the way to the park？
[正] Excuse me， but is this the way to the park？
[析] I’m sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而 Excuse me 是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
7.[误]—Have a good time tonight！
—You are the same.
[正]—Have a good time tonight！？
—The same to you.
[析] The same to you 意为我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。
8.[误]—What’s the problem？
—I’ve got a headache.
[正]—What’s wrong with you？
—I’ve got a headache.
[析] What’s wrong with you？ 是询问对方身体状态如何，而 What’s the problem？是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
9.[误]—Now， I’m back. Can I play？
—Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.
[正]—Now， I’m back. Can I play？
—I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.
[析] Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如： —Am I right？ —Perhaps. 而 I’m afraid not 则表达一种不同意的态度。
10.[误]—How soon will you be ready？
—Two days.
[正]—How soon will you be ready？
— In two days.
[析] 此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是“还有多久才能作完”，这时要用 in two days，即在两天之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。
11. [误]—Would you mind if I have some time off？
—I don’t mind.
—Monday and Tuesday of next week.
[正]—Would you mind if I have some time off？
—When exactly.
—Monday and Tuesday of next week. [析] 有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I don’t mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly？ 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
12.[误] Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you？”
[正] Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello？ This is Tom speaking？”
[析] 在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问“Who’s that（speaking）？”但不要讲“Who are you？”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲“This is ×××× speaking”而不要讲“I’m ××××”也不要讲“My name is ×××××.” 就语法而论，“Who are you？” “I’m ××××.”“My name is ×××××.”并没有错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。
13.[误]—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend？
— I don’t hope so.
[正]—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend？
—I hope not.
[析] 由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中 I think so/I hope so/ I believe so是相同的，但在否定句中却常用 I don’t think so. 但I don’t believe so. 和 I don’t hope so. 则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not.和 I hope not.则为：我想可能不会发生吧！
14.[误]—Is anybody there？
— No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
[正]—Is everybody there？
—No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
[析] 许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词。Is anybody here？ 在英语中意为：这里有人吗？而Is everybody here？为：全都到齐了吗？所以首先要考虑的是其答语。 No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.
15.[误]—Your handwriting is very good！
—No， my handwriting is very poor.
[正]—Your handwriting is very good！
—Thank you.
[析] 中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you. 又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going？ 或 Have you had your breakfast yet？而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如： Hello！ How are you going？ （你过得怎样）！ 等。而Good morning 和 How do you do则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见
16.[误] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave， you may say：“Excuse me. I’ll go first.”
[正] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave， you may say：“Excuse me. I have to go.”
[析] 这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲 I’ll go first. 朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。
17.[误]—Would you like to come to dinner tonight？
—I’d like to， and I’m too busy.
[正]—Would you like to come to dinner tonight？
—I’d like to， but I’m too busy.
[析] I’m too busy与 I’d like to在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。
18.[误]—Where’s Deter？
—Deter will come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet.
[正]—Where’s Deter？
—Deter may come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet.
[析] 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的來与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用 may 来表达一个不肯定的事件。
19.[误]—Hi， haven’t seen you for ages！ You look fine！
—Great. You look well too.
[正]—Hi， haven’t seen you for ages！ You look fine！
—Thanks. You look well too.
[析] 要注意的是 Great 在口语中多表示惊叹，而 Thanks 则表示感谢对方的称赞。所以对情景谈话要有准确的判定，要根据情景，身临其境，上下对照，周密思考，弄清场合，注意英美人的风俗习惯，注重语义上的词语辨析，并要进行大量的语言实践练习，扩大实际交际能力。