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由于负荷预测偏差、径流预报不准确,如何快速、可靠地调整发电计划是梯级水电群实时调度中的难点和关键问题,主要体现在快速躲避机组限制区、兼顾电站日前计划和出力平稳性、最小化电站弃水等3个方面。针对上述问题,提出复杂约束限制下的梯级水电站群实时优化调度方法及调整策略,包括电站计算序位确定、电站组合确定、负荷偏差光滑处理、厂间负荷偏差分配和弃水调整策略。引入负荷偏差光滑技术,重构负荷偏差,保证厂间负荷偏差满足出力平稳性要求;在厂间负荷偏差分配过程中,协调日前计划,动态调整电站出力,避免落入机组限制区;采用弃水修正策略,沿约束边界调整电站出力,实现预泄腾库。所提方法和策略,能够充分考虑日前发电计划指导性,避免电站出力频繁波动,保证机组实时躲避限制区运行,避免不必要弃水发生。贵州电网乌江流域梯级水电站群厂网协调实际过程模拟分析表明,所提方法和策略能够快速可靠地满足实际工程要求,是一种是切实可行的方法和策略。
How to adjust power generation plan quickly and reliably is a difficult and key problem in real-time dispatching of cascade hydropower stations because of the load forecasting bias and runoff forecasting is not accurate. It is mainly reflected in the rapid evacuation unit limited area, taking into account the planned and output smoothness of the power station, Power station waste water and other three aspects. In order to solve the above problems, a real-time optimal dispatching method and adjustment strategy for cascaded hydropower stations under complex constraints are proposed, including determining the order of power station, determining the combination of power stations, smoothing the load deviation, allocating load among plants and adjusting the waste water. Introduce the smoothing technology of load deviation, reconstruct the load deviation and ensure that the plant load deviation meets the requirement of output stability. During the process of plant load deviation assignment, coordinate the previous plans to dynamically adjust the plant output to avoid falling into the restricted area of the unit; Revising the strategy, adjusting the output of power plants along the confined boundary to achieve pre-discharge reservoir. The proposed method and strategy can take full account of the guidance of the power generation plan and avoid the frequent fluctuation of the output of the power station so as to ensure that the unit can avoid running in the restricted area in real time and avoid unnecessary discarding. Guizhou Wujiang River Basin cascade hydropower plant plant network coordination process simulation analysis shows that the proposed methods and strategies to quickly and reliably meet the requirements of the actual project is a practical method and strategy.