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利用95对SSR分子标记对56份海岛棉种质进行遗传多样性分析,其中33份来自于俄罗斯,5份来自埃及,2份来自美国,1份来自阿尔巴尼亚,8份来自我国新疆,7份来自我国云南、江苏等地。结果表明,95对SSR引物在56个海岛棉品种中共测出了384个等位基因,其中多态性等位基因296个,占77.1%。每对引物等位基因变幅是2~9个,平均为4.1个。基因多样性指数(H)在0.035~2.931之间,平均为0.879。Shannon信息指数(I)在0.090~4.417之间,平均为1.363。各指数的趋势一致。95对SSR引物的多态性信息含量PIC变幅为0.035~0.926,平均为0.698。56份海岛棉品种两两间的相似系数在0.585~0.952之间,主要集中在0.6~0.8之间,占整个数据的97%,平均遗传相似系数为0.7。从整体上来看,56份海岛棉的遗传相似系数较高,从聚类图上可以看出,以遗传距离为0.69为标准,56份海岛棉品种可分为4类。第1类主要是前苏联海岛棉为主的27份品种,其中来自埃及的吉扎77和来自美国的派字棉以及中239都归到了这一类。第2类较复杂,但主要是以来自新疆的6份海岛棉和来自埃及的吉扎系列的4份为主。第3类包括8个品种,主要是来自于前苏联的6个品种、来自于新疆的巴3116和河北的冀B91-45。第4类只有来自于前苏联的L-8007,独自成一类。研究结果表明SSR作为一种共显性标记,尤为适用于海岛棉及其亲本的系谱分析及鉴定。因而,SSR标记技术可以为海岛棉育种实践工作中的亲本选配,提供可靠的分子水平上的依据。
The genetic diversity of 56 island cotton germplasms was analyzed using 95 pairs of SSR markers, of which 33 were from Russia, 5 from Egypt, 2 from the United States, 1 from Albania, 8 from Xinjiang, China and 7 from China’s Yunnan, Jiangsu and other places. The results showed that a total of 384 alleles were detected in 56 ISSR markers by 95 SSR primers, of which 296 were polymorphic alleles (77.1%). The allele amplitude of each pair of primers ranged from 2 to 9 with an average of 4.1. The genetic diversity index (H) ranged from 0.035 to 2.931 with an average of 0.879. The Shannon information index (I) is between 0.090 and 4.417 with an average of 1.363. The trend of each index is the same. The polymorphism information content of 95 pairs of SSR primers PIC ranged from 0.035 to 0.926, with an average of 0.698.56. The similarity coefficients between two cotton cultivars ranging from 0.585 to 0.952 were mainly between 0.6 and 0.8, accounting for 97% of the total data, the average genetic similarity coefficient of 0.7. As a whole, the genetic similarity coefficient of 56 island cottons was high. As can be seen from the cluster diagram, with the genetic distance of 0.69 as the standard, 56 island cotton varieties can be divided into 4 categories. The first category consists mainly of 27 varieties of sea-island cotton from the former Soviet Union. Among them are the Giza 77 from Egypt and the assorted cotton from the United States and 239 from this type. Category 2 is more complicated, but mainly consists of 6 islands cotton from Xinjiang and 4 from Giza series from Egypt. The third category includes eight varieties, mainly from the six varieties of the former Soviet Union, from Pakistan 3116 in Xinjiang and Hebei B91-45 in Hebei. Category 4 only came from the former Soviet Union, L-8007, alone into one category. The results showed that SSR as a codominant marker was especially suitable for pedigree analysis and identification of G. barbadense and its parents. Therefore, the SSR marker technology can provide a reliable molecular level basis for the parental matching in island cotton breeding practice.