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中国水资源贫乏,人均占有量不足世界人均水资源占有量的1/4,但是我国是农业大国,农业发展水平低,农业灌溉用水量大,而且国内粮食需求在不断的增加,可耕地面积不断减少,灌溉面积不断扩大,在农业灌溉方面我国的发展速度和水平都很落后,其中水资源供需矛盾最为突出,农业灌溉效率低下,生产每单位的粮食作物要比发达国家用水量多两倍,技术原因导致了我国的农业用水问题。在水资源的管理上也存在着很多的问题,用水市场的价格和水权都缺乏系统的制度支撑。文章从可持续发展用水的理念出发讨论了农业水资源利用的经济性问题,从而提高农业水资源利用效率,完善用水市场。
China’s water resources are scarce and its per-capita population is less than one-fourth of that of the world’s water resources per capita. However, China is a big agricultural country with a low level of agricultural development and a large amount of irrigation water for agriculture. Moreover, the domestic grain demand is constantly increasing and the area of arable land constantly Reduce the area of irrigated area, the speed and level of our country’s development are far behind in the aspect of agricultural irrigation. Among them, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is the most prominent. The inefficiency of agricultural irrigation leads to twice as much water consumption per unit of food crops than that of developed countries, Technical reasons led to China’s agricultural water issues. There are also many problems in the management of water resources. The price and water rights of the water market lacks a systematic institutional support. Based on the concept of water for sustainable development, the paper discusses the economic issues of agricultural water resources utilization, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources and improve the water market.