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干细胞是一种具有自我更新、无限增殖和多向分化能力的细胞。而多数肿瘤是由不同增殖潜能的不均一性细胞构成。随着对干细胞的研究不断深入,使人们对肿瘤的发生机制重新进行了审视,并在造血系统、脑、肺、乳腺等部位肿瘤中发现极少量的具有与干细胞非常类似生物学特性的细胞,称之为肿瘤干细胞,它们很可能是肿瘤细胞的起源.肿瘤干细胞的提出,使得靶向性杀伤肿瘤干细胞从而使根治肿瘤和防止肿瘤复发和转移成为可能。所以研究肿瘤干细胞的起源及其与肿瘤的发生关系,成为当前研究和治疗肿瘤领域的新热点。本文就肿瘤干细胞的存在证据、干细胞与肿瘤干细胞的异同点及它们与肿瘤发生之间的关系作简要的综述。
Stem cells are cells with self-renewal, infinite proliferation, and multi-directional differentiation. Most tumors consist of heterogeneous cells with different proliferative potentials. With the deepening of the research on stem cells, people have re-examined the mechanism of tumorigenesis, and found very few cells with very similar biological characteristics to stem cells in the hematopoietic system, brain, lung, breast and other tumors. Called cancer stem cells, they are likely to be the origin of tumor cells. The introduction of cancer stem cells has made it possible to target kill tumor stem cells to cure tumors and prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the study of the origin of cancer stem cells and their relationship with tumors has become a new hot spot in the field of research and treatment of tumors. This article briefly reviews the existence of cancer stem cells, the similarities and differences between stem cells and cancer stem cells, and their relationship with tumorigenesis.