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从多元主义视角出发,美国政治学家西奥多·洛维分析了美国自“新政”至1970年代期间利益集团政治在农业政策、外交政策、商业政策、劳工政策、城市政策、福利政策领域的表现。通过严谨的实证分析,洛维展示了一幅自由裁量泛滥、讨价还价不断、保守和封闭攀升的利益集团政治图景。多元利益集团成为塑造公共政策特质的核心力量,是美国“新政”以来政治决策和社会治理过程中奉行“利益集团自由主义”的必然结果。本文通过阐述“利益集团自由主义”在美国政策实践中的发展演进逻辑、具体表现、弊端和解决方案,试图对洛维的“利益集团自由主义”理论作一个全面的概括评析。
From the perspective of pluralism, Theodore Lowy, an American political scientist, analyzed the policy of interest group politics in the United States from “New Deal ” until the 1970s on agricultural policy, foreign policy, commercial policy, labor policy, urban policy, welfare policy Field performance. Through a rigorous empirical analysis, Love demonstrates a political landscape of interest groups that are free from discrepancies, bargaining constantly, conservatively and closing up. Multi-interest groups have become the core force in shaping the characteristics of public policy and the inevitable result of pursuing “interest group liberalism ” in political decision-making and social governance since the United States “New Deal ”. This paper attempts to make a comprehensive and summary analysis of Love ’s Theory of Liberal Group ’ s Interest Liberalism “Expounding ” “interest group liberalism ” development logic of evolution in US policy practice, concrete manifestation, malpractice and solution.