论文部分内容阅读
A
Some foods can make you sick if they are stored in conditions that are not cold enough to prevent the growth of harmful organisms. Freezing can keep some foods in good condition for months after the growing season. Yet foods can be damaged if they are kept too cold.
The British Development Group says the best time to prepare foods for storage is at harvest time while foods are still in the field.
Use a sharp knife and place the harvested items on a clean surface or directly into storage containers. Do not put them on the ground.
Use clean water to remove dirt， and keep the water clean. Usually it is better not to remove outer leaves from fruits and vegetables before storage. Without leaves， foods can become dry quickly.
Fruits and vegetables must cool from field heat before they are put into storage containers. Cooling them in water can spread funguses （霉菌） throughout the food. A better idea is to harvest foods either early or late in the day， and then leave them to cool naturally.
Some fruits and vegetables must be stored at zero to four degrees Celsius （攝氏度）. Some foods need to be stored at four to eight degrees Celsius， and some need to be stored above eight degrees Celsius for best results.
Wet fruits and vegetables so they do not become too dry. The best time to do this is before storage. Cover the items in plastic once they reach the right temperature for storage. Most fruits and vegetables need the relative humidity （湿度）. Finally， leave spaces between the food containers and the walls of the cold storage area so air can flow. Keep the spaces clean and try not to open the doors too often.
1. What is the function of the leaves of fruits and vegetables？
A. Helping keep fresh.
B. Helping keep clean.
C. Keeping attractive.
D. Keeping from harmful organisms.
2. Why is it better to harvest foods either early or late in the day？
A. They are cleaner then.
B. They have no field heat then.
C. They then are wet enough to be stored.
D. They become cool from field heat naturally and easily.
3. What can we infer from the text？
A. Wetting foods is the most important step.
B. Leaving spaces between containers is hard.
C. Fruits must be stored under zero degrees Celsius.
D. Choosing the right time to store foods is important.
4. What does the text mainly talk about？
A. Some tips for the storage of foods. B. The research on some fruits and vegetables.
C. The benefits of storing foods in cold conditions.
D. The process of keeping foods in good condition.
B
When you are curious about something and want to know more about it， you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research.
Step 1
On a note card or piece of paper， write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. For example， you might write：
Discover more about dinosaurs.
Step 2
Next， stop and think for a moment about what you have already known about your subject. List what you have already known like the sentences below：
（1） Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.
（2） Dinosaurs lived on the earth more than 150 million years ago.
（3） Some dinosaurs fed on plants， some on meat.
Step 3
What can you do with what you want to learn？ By asking questions. On your paper， start writing down questions about dinosaurs as you think of them：
（1） What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in？
（2） How many kinds of dinosaurs were there on the earth？
（3） Have dinosaurs really disappeared？
Step 4
Armed with your list of questions， you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject， you’ll probably discover some new questions.
For example， you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why？ What happened？ Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.
The next time you find something interesting to research， take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always brings more questions.
5. What steps should you follow when you do some research？
① discover new problems
② choose a research subject
③ list what you already know
④ list what you want to know
A. ①④③② B. ②③④①
C. ③②④① D. ④③①②
6. What does the underlined sentence mean？
A. Writing down your list of questions.
B. Taking your list of questions with you.
C. Putting your list of questions under your arm.
D. Discussing your questions with your classmates.
7. According to the passage， which of the following is TRUE？ A. You can find all the answers online.
B. You have to forget what you already know to solve new problems.
C. Asking questions is the first step for research.
D. During the research， you may keep finding new questions.
8. What’s the best title of the passage？
A. Finding Subjects
B. Discovering Dinosaurs
C. Asking Good Questions
D. Having Interesting Answers
C
For some minutes， all was quiet in the street. Then， from across the street， someone came walking at a slow pace.
It looked like a man of middle height， dressed in a big raincoat， a soft hat and rubber boots ， and making little sound while walking. No one was in sight. It was a street with two rows of about fifty small houses， and there were three lamps on either side. The lamp nearest the child’s house could be seen clearly， but the others were almost hidden by the smoky air. A car passed the end of the street and its lights showed faintly， but clearly enough for the wrinkled skin of a woman’s small face. The car disappeared as the woman， wrapped up in her coat， reached the doorway of the child’s house.
She put a key into the lock quickly， pushed the door open and stepped inside， then close the door without looking round. She began to breathe hard.
She leaned against the door for a moment， then straightened up as if with an effort， and walked towards the door of the front room， the passage leading to the kitchen， and the narrow staircase. She hesitated outside the door， and then went up the stairs. There was enough light from the narrow hall to show the four doors leading off a small landing. She pushed each door open in turn and shone a torch inside， and the light fell upon beds， walls， furniture， a bathroom basin， a mirror which flashed brightness back； but this was not what the woman was looking for. She turned away and went downstairs， then turned towards the kitchen. Clearly there was nothing there， or in the small wash-room， that she wanted. Two rooms remained； the front room and a smaller one next to it. She opened the front room door. After a moment， she saw the child’s bed and the child.
9. The lights of the car passing the end of the street showed that _______.
A. a woman was driving the car
B. a man was walking up the street
C. a man was driving by himself up the street
D. a woman was walking by herself up the street
10. When she got into the house， the woman ______. A. went upstairs at once B. seemed tired
C. started breathing again D. felt excited
11. What was the woman looking for？
A. Furniture. B. A bathroom-basin.
C. A child. D. A room.
12. What was the woman like？
A. Old and earnest. B. Middle-aged and cold
C. Young and powerful. D. Weak and helpless.
D
Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference， not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices， including， for example， the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms， the chances are if you have two children or more， that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America， for example， they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very unusual in the world. In many other countries， the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in bed near them.
The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.
Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons， they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressure. It is almost impossible， however， to completely change your psychological space needs.
13. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means “______”.
A. Nobody needs a required amount of living space
B. Living space requirements are not always the same
C. The world requires the same amount of living space
D. Not two people need exactly the same amount of living space
14. Why do some families gather closer to each other at home？
A. They have limited living space.
B. They are brought up in a large family.
C. It satisfies their psychological space needs.
D. The children in the family sleep with their parents.
15. Which can be the best title？
A. Psychological Space
B. American Way of Living
C. Space Needs in Different Countries
D. Psychological Space and Economic Pressure
Jenna， a popular girl from Westwood Middle School， had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 1 in high school. 2 ， high school was different. In the first week， Jenna went to tryouts （選拔赛） for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls， and she knew it would be 3 for her to be selected. Two hours later， the 4 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 5 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 6 ， she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.
Arriving home， she 7 with math. She had always been a good math student， but now she was 8 . She moved on to English and history， and was 9 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better， she decided not to 10 math for the time being.
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs Biden about being on the school 11 . Mrs Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I’m sorry， but we have enough 12 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 13 and left. “Why is high school so 14 ？” she sighed.
Later in 15 class， Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 16 . By the end of class， she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books， Jenna decided she’d continue to try to 17 at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d 18 ， but she knew she had to try. High school was just as her mom had said， “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 19 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 20 fish you can be.”
1. A. processes B. decisions C. challenges D. exercises
2. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides
3. A. difficult B. painful C. possible D. hopeful
4. A. editor B. boss C. applicant D. judge
5. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. beat
6. A. strange B. happy C. down D. lonely
7. A. started B. went C. compared D. did
8. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
9. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. pleased
10. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
11. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team
12. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
13. A. widely B. weakly C. shockedly D. graciously
14. A. similar B. senseless C. different D. terrible
15. A. physics B. history C. English D. math
16. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. desire
17. A. fit in B. look in C. stay in D. suit in
18. A. failed B. succeeded C. lost D. dropped
19. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of 20. A. biggest B. fastest C. heaviest D. smartest
Dear sir，
Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter worse， it even stops work sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing you to ask for help. Would you please send a people to repair it？ I will stay at home this weekend. Please call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 66065531. Thanks you very much.
Customer
Li Ming
1. 她的父母做出了很大的犧牲，因此她才能获得良好的教育。（make sacrifices）
2. 我第一次听到她甜美的声音时，那感觉太美妙了。（the first time）
3. 如果那时艾伦听我的劝告的话，就不会在工作上走上一条不归路了。（take one’s advice）
4. 如果飓风发生在白天，死亡人数将会更多。（during in the daytime）
5. 借酒浇愁是不对的。（abandon）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine， people thought they were from baby dinosaurs. 1
Martin Sander’s work shows that they were probably fully 2
（grow） and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.
Growth marks on dinosaur bones are similar 3 growth rings on trees. The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly. They get closer as growth slows. “It is
4 （exact） these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil bones，” says Sander. So the fossils must have been from adult 5 （animal）.
Why was this German dinosaur so much 6 （small） than other giant dinosaurs， which grew up to 45 metres long and 7 （weigh） as much as a thousand humans？
150 million years ago， most of Germany was underwater. Scientists think that as water levels rose， there was less and less land and food available. The dinosaur 8 （force） to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food.
Since 1998， scientists 9 （dig） up more than 1，000 dinosaur fossils in the mine. It is one of the few places in the world 10 the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Some foods can make you sick if they are stored in conditions that are not cold enough to prevent the growth of harmful organisms. Freezing can keep some foods in good condition for months after the growing season. Yet foods can be damaged if they are kept too cold.
The British Development Group says the best time to prepare foods for storage is at harvest time while foods are still in the field.
Use a sharp knife and place the harvested items on a clean surface or directly into storage containers. Do not put them on the ground.
Use clean water to remove dirt， and keep the water clean. Usually it is better not to remove outer leaves from fruits and vegetables before storage. Without leaves， foods can become dry quickly.
Fruits and vegetables must cool from field heat before they are put into storage containers. Cooling them in water can spread funguses （霉菌） throughout the food. A better idea is to harvest foods either early or late in the day， and then leave them to cool naturally.
Some fruits and vegetables must be stored at zero to four degrees Celsius （攝氏度）. Some foods need to be stored at four to eight degrees Celsius， and some need to be stored above eight degrees Celsius for best results.
Wet fruits and vegetables so they do not become too dry. The best time to do this is before storage. Cover the items in plastic once they reach the right temperature for storage. Most fruits and vegetables need the relative humidity （湿度）. Finally， leave spaces between the food containers and the walls of the cold storage area so air can flow. Keep the spaces clean and try not to open the doors too often.
1. What is the function of the leaves of fruits and vegetables？
A. Helping keep fresh.
B. Helping keep clean.
C. Keeping attractive.
D. Keeping from harmful organisms.
2. Why is it better to harvest foods either early or late in the day？
A. They are cleaner then.
B. They have no field heat then.
C. They then are wet enough to be stored.
D. They become cool from field heat naturally and easily.
3. What can we infer from the text？
A. Wetting foods is the most important step.
B. Leaving spaces between containers is hard.
C. Fruits must be stored under zero degrees Celsius.
D. Choosing the right time to store foods is important.
4. What does the text mainly talk about？
A. Some tips for the storage of foods. B. The research on some fruits and vegetables.
C. The benefits of storing foods in cold conditions.
D. The process of keeping foods in good condition.
B
When you are curious about something and want to know more about it， you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research.
Step 1
On a note card or piece of paper， write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. For example， you might write：
Discover more about dinosaurs.
Step 2
Next， stop and think for a moment about what you have already known about your subject. List what you have already known like the sentences below：
（1） Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.
（2） Dinosaurs lived on the earth more than 150 million years ago.
（3） Some dinosaurs fed on plants， some on meat.
Step 3
What can you do with what you want to learn？ By asking questions. On your paper， start writing down questions about dinosaurs as you think of them：
（1） What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in？
（2） How many kinds of dinosaurs were there on the earth？
（3） Have dinosaurs really disappeared？
Step 4
Armed with your list of questions， you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject， you’ll probably discover some new questions.
For example， you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why？ What happened？ Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.
The next time you find something interesting to research， take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always brings more questions.
5. What steps should you follow when you do some research？
① discover new problems
② choose a research subject
③ list what you already know
④ list what you want to know
A. ①④③② B. ②③④①
C. ③②④① D. ④③①②
6. What does the underlined sentence mean？
A. Writing down your list of questions.
B. Taking your list of questions with you.
C. Putting your list of questions under your arm.
D. Discussing your questions with your classmates.
7. According to the passage， which of the following is TRUE？ A. You can find all the answers online.
B. You have to forget what you already know to solve new problems.
C. Asking questions is the first step for research.
D. During the research， you may keep finding new questions.
8. What’s the best title of the passage？
A. Finding Subjects
B. Discovering Dinosaurs
C. Asking Good Questions
D. Having Interesting Answers
C
For some minutes， all was quiet in the street. Then， from across the street， someone came walking at a slow pace.
It looked like a man of middle height， dressed in a big raincoat， a soft hat and rubber boots ， and making little sound while walking. No one was in sight. It was a street with two rows of about fifty small houses， and there were three lamps on either side. The lamp nearest the child’s house could be seen clearly， but the others were almost hidden by the smoky air. A car passed the end of the street and its lights showed faintly， but clearly enough for the wrinkled skin of a woman’s small face. The car disappeared as the woman， wrapped up in her coat， reached the doorway of the child’s house.
She put a key into the lock quickly， pushed the door open and stepped inside， then close the door without looking round. She began to breathe hard.
She leaned against the door for a moment， then straightened up as if with an effort， and walked towards the door of the front room， the passage leading to the kitchen， and the narrow staircase. She hesitated outside the door， and then went up the stairs. There was enough light from the narrow hall to show the four doors leading off a small landing. She pushed each door open in turn and shone a torch inside， and the light fell upon beds， walls， furniture， a bathroom basin， a mirror which flashed brightness back； but this was not what the woman was looking for. She turned away and went downstairs， then turned towards the kitchen. Clearly there was nothing there， or in the small wash-room， that she wanted. Two rooms remained； the front room and a smaller one next to it. She opened the front room door. After a moment， she saw the child’s bed and the child.
9. The lights of the car passing the end of the street showed that _______.
A. a woman was driving the car
B. a man was walking up the street
C. a man was driving by himself up the street
D. a woman was walking by herself up the street
10. When she got into the house， the woman ______. A. went upstairs at once B. seemed tired
C. started breathing again D. felt excited
11. What was the woman looking for？
A. Furniture. B. A bathroom-basin.
C. A child. D. A room.
12. What was the woman like？
A. Old and earnest. B. Middle-aged and cold
C. Young and powerful. D. Weak and helpless.
D
Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference， not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices， including， for example， the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms， the chances are if you have two children or more， that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America， for example， they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very unusual in the world. In many other countries， the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in bed near them.
The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.
Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons， they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressure. It is almost impossible， however， to completely change your psychological space needs.
13. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means “______”.
A. Nobody needs a required amount of living space
B. Living space requirements are not always the same
C. The world requires the same amount of living space
D. Not two people need exactly the same amount of living space
14. Why do some families gather closer to each other at home？
A. They have limited living space.
B. They are brought up in a large family.
C. It satisfies their psychological space needs.
D. The children in the family sleep with their parents.
15. Which can be the best title？
A. Psychological Space
B. American Way of Living
C. Space Needs in Different Countries
D. Psychological Space and Economic Pressure
Jenna， a popular girl from Westwood Middle School， had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 1 in high school. 2 ， high school was different. In the first week， Jenna went to tryouts （選拔赛） for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls， and she knew it would be 3 for her to be selected. Two hours later， the 4 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 5 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 6 ， she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.
Arriving home， she 7 with math. She had always been a good math student， but now she was 8 . She moved on to English and history， and was 9 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better， she decided not to 10 math for the time being.
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs Biden about being on the school 11 . Mrs Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I’m sorry， but we have enough 12 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 13 and left. “Why is high school so 14 ？” she sighed.
Later in 15 class， Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 16 . By the end of class， she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books， Jenna decided she’d continue to try to 17 at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d 18 ， but she knew she had to try. High school was just as her mom had said， “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 19 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 20 fish you can be.”
1. A. processes B. decisions C. challenges D. exercises
2. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides
3. A. difficult B. painful C. possible D. hopeful
4. A. editor B. boss C. applicant D. judge
5. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. beat
6. A. strange B. happy C. down D. lonely
7. A. started B. went C. compared D. did
8. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
9. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. pleased
10. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
11. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team
12. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
13. A. widely B. weakly C. shockedly D. graciously
14. A. similar B. senseless C. different D. terrible
15. A. physics B. history C. English D. math
16. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. desire
17. A. fit in B. look in C. stay in D. suit in
18. A. failed B. succeeded C. lost D. dropped
19. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of 20. A. biggest B. fastest C. heaviest D. smartest
Dear sir，
Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter worse， it even stops work sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing you to ask for help. Would you please send a people to repair it？ I will stay at home this weekend. Please call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 66065531. Thanks you very much.
Customer
Li Ming
1. 她的父母做出了很大的犧牲，因此她才能获得良好的教育。（make sacrifices）
2. 我第一次听到她甜美的声音时，那感觉太美妙了。（the first time）
3. 如果那时艾伦听我的劝告的话，就不会在工作上走上一条不归路了。（take one’s advice）
4. 如果飓风发生在白天，死亡人数将会更多。（during in the daytime）
5. 借酒浇愁是不对的。（abandon）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine， people thought they were from baby dinosaurs. 1
Martin Sander’s work shows that they were probably fully 2
（grow） and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.
Growth marks on dinosaur bones are similar 3 growth rings on trees. The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly. They get closer as growth slows. “It is
4 （exact） these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil bones，” says Sander. So the fossils must have been from adult 5 （animal）.
Why was this German dinosaur so much 6 （small） than other giant dinosaurs， which grew up to 45 metres long and 7 （weigh） as much as a thousand humans？
150 million years ago， most of Germany was underwater. Scientists think that as water levels rose， there was less and less land and food available. The dinosaur 8 （force） to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food.
Since 1998， scientists 9 （dig） up more than 1，000 dinosaur fossils in the mine. It is one of the few places in the world 10 the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.