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一个数学家拿出三顶帽子让甲、乙两学生看清楚:两白一黑,然后用布蒙住两学生的眼睛,将其中两顶分别戴在这两个学生的头上(两人戴的均是白帽子),再去掉蒙住眼的布让两人根据对方头上帽子的颜色来推断自己所戴帽子的颜色,两学生看了对方头上的帽子,彼此沉默了几秒种,不能回答。忽然,学生甲立刻断定自己戴的是白帽子。 诸位不禁要问:学生甲怎么知道自己戴的是白帽子?答曰:他用了反证法:假设我戴的是黑帽子,学生乙再笨也能马上断定自己戴的是白帽子,(因为只有一顶黑帽子),然而学生乙未作立刻回答,说明自己戴的必是白帽子!
A mathematician took out three hats for A and B students to see clearly: two whites and one black, and then blindfolded the eyes of the two students and put two of them on the heads of the two students. All of them are white hats. Then they remove the blindfolded cloth and let the two infer the color of the hat they wear based on the color of the hat on the other’s head. The two students looked at the hats on the other’s head and they silenced each other for a few seconds. Can’t answer. Suddenly, Student A immediately concluded that he was wearing a white hat. You can’t help but ask: How did student A know that he was wearing a white hat? Answer: He used anti-evidence law: Suppose I wear a black hat, and student B can immediately determine that he is wearing a white hat (because only A black hat) However, student B did not answer immediately, indicating that he must wear a white hat!