在马克思的阶级概念下,资产阶级和无产阶级是两个日益扩大和对立的主流阶级,而中间阶级则会日益萎缩最后融入这两大主流阶级之中。然而从当代发达资本主义社会的阶级结构来看却并没有出现这样的现象,相反,中间阶级不仅继续存在着而且日益庞大,似乎已能作为一个主流阶级存在,令人迷惑。因此出现了诸多关于传统马克思阶级概念和当代中间阶级现状的矛盾迷思的新争论,本文即对它们展开综述与评论。 Under Marx’s class concept, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are the two mainstream classes that are growing more and more antagonistic. The middle class, on the other hand, will gradually shrink and finally merge into these two major mainstream classes. However, this phenomenon does not appear in the class structure of the contemporary developed capitalist society. On the contrary, the intermediate class, which has not only survived but is growing in size, seems confused as a mainstream class. Therefore, many new debates emerged over the contradictory myths of the traditional Marxist class concept and the contemporary middle class status quo. This article reviews and comments on them.