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确立于1861年的翻译学生制度是近代英国在华使领馆工作人员的汉语培训制度,是较早出现的由官方运作的、制度化的汉语教学活动。它确立了公开竞争的考试选拔制度,以威妥玛《语言自迩集》为专用教材,在学制学时、教学方法等方面都有统一的安排和管理,并且有固定的考试制度对学习成果进行考核。来华西方人的汉语学习与教学改变了以往“私塾式”的教学形态,体现出科学性和自觉的方法意识,开始向现代形态的汉语教学转变。
The system of translating students established in 1861 is a Chinese training system for the staff of the British embassy in China in modern times. It is an officially operated and institutionalized Chinese teaching and learning activity that appeared earlier. It establishes a public competition exam selection system, with Wottoma “language from near set” as a dedicated textbook, in the academic system, teaching methods and other aspects of a unified arrangement and management, and a fixed test of the learning outcomes Assessment. Chinese learning and teaching in Westerners in western China changed the teaching mode of “private school type” in the past, reflected the methodological consciousness of science and consciousness, and started to transform Chinese teaching in modern forms.