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目的:针对呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者病原菌谱及耐药性进行研究,配合临床治疗选择合适的抗菌药物。方法:收集2005-2010年呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者分离痰标本中的病原菌及耐药性。结果:革兰阴性杆菌约为47.5%-55.8%,其中铜绿假单胞菌及大肠埃希菌分别占14.6%及8.7%,对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦及阿米卡星耐药率为2.3%-36.7%;革兰阳性球菌约为22.8%-35.6%,金黄色葡萄球菌及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌分别占16.8%和7.4%,只是对万古霉素耐药率为0;真菌占14.9%-23.8%。结论:呼吸内科下呼吸道感染主要是革兰阴性杆菌,革兰阳性球菌呈现增高趋势,真菌具有一定比例,耐药率增高,对于耐药性监测的加强,抗菌药物的合理使用都具有重要意义。
Objective: To study the pathogenic bacteria spectrum and drug resistance of patients with respiratory tract infections in respiratory medicine and to select appropriate antibacterial drugs with clinical treatment. Methods: The pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in sputum from patients with respiratory tract infection of lower respiratory tract from 2005 to 2010 were collected. RESULTS: Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 47.5% -55.8%, of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli accounted for 14.6% and 8.7%, respectively. The effects of imipenem, piperacillin / tazobactam and amoeba Card star resistance rate was 2.3% -36.7%; Gram-positive cocci was about 22.8% -35.6%, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci accounted for 16.8% and 7.4%, respectively, only vancomycin resistance rate 0; fungi accounted for 14.9% -23.8%. Conclusions: Gram-negative bacilli are the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in respiratory medicine. Gram-positive cocci show an increasing trend. Fungi have a certain proportion and the rate of drug resistance increases. It is of great significance for the monitoring of drug resistance and rational use of antibacterials.