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如果说,黄河是中华民族诞生之源和成长的摇篮,那么,始发于春秋,形成于隋朝,畅通于明朝的大运河（又称京杭大运河）便是中国封建社会的一根主动脉。有意思的是,大运河的畅通同中国封建社会后期经济发展相互衔接。那么,大运河在这种经济的发展中,乃至对当时由经济的发展而引起的文化变化具有什么样的意义呢? 一、运河经济的形成 运河最早的两段是邗沟和鸿沟。邗沟,连接长江与淮河。春秋时期,吴国战败越、楚之后,为进一步挥师北上,讨伐齐、晋,称霸中原,由吴王夫差于鲁哀公九年（前486年）下令开凿。鸿沟,引黄河水入圃四泽终入颍水,于战国魏惠王十年（前361年）开凿,目的在于为渠溉田。南北大运河总体的开凿则是隋炀帝干的事。他先后下令开凿了通济渠（沟通淮河与黄河）、山阳渎（以邗沟为基础）,开凿了自京口（今江苏丹徒）至余杭郡（今杭州）的江南运河和南达于河、北通涿郡（今北京市西南）的永济渠。于是,一条以洛阳为中心,
If we say that the Yellow River is the cradle of the birth and growth of the Chinese nation, then the Grand Canal (also known as the Grand Canal), which originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and was formed in the Sui Dynasty and unblocked in the Ming Dynasty, is the main body of the feudal society in China artery. What is interesting is that the smooth flow of the Grand Canal interlinks with the economic development of the late feudal society in China. So, the Grand Canal in this economic development, and even then by the economic development caused by cultural change has what meaning? First, the formation of the canal economy The canal is the first two sections of the ditch and divide.邗 ditch, connecting the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. Spring and Autumn Period, the more defeated Wu, Chu, to further commander-in-chief, crusade Qi, Jin, dominate the Central Plains, by Wu Wangfu worse than Lu sadong nine years (486 years ago) ordered to cut. Divide, lead the Yellow River water into the nursery Ze four end Yingshui, in the Warring States Wei Hui Wang ten years (361 years ago) dug, the purpose is to canal irrigation fields. The general development of North and South Grand Canal is the Emperor Sui Yang Emperor thing. He successively ordered the excavation of the Tongji Canal (to communicate with the Huaihe River and the Yellow River), Shanyangdu (to the Tiegou) and cut the Jiangnan Canal and the Nanda River from Yuankou (now Jiangsu Dutu) to Yuhang County (now Hangzhou) River, North Tongli County (now Beijing’s southwest) Yongji canal. So, a Luoyang as the center,