1979年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者T·W·舒尔茨首次提出人力资本概念,认为经济增长的要素除物质资本外,还有人力资本。在经济发展前期,物质资本对经济增长起主导作用,而到了经济发展中后期,人力资本对经济增长的推动作用越来越大。一个国家人力资本的栽体除科技人员、企业家外,首推政府官员。就是说,领导干部文化高,智力强,信息广,能科学 In 1979, W.W. Schultz, winner of the Nobel Prize in economics, put forward the concept of human capital for the first time and argues that the elements of economic growth include not only physical capital but also human capital. In the early stage of economic development, material capital played a leading role in economic growth. By the middle and late stages of economic development, human capital played a more and more important role in promoting economic growth. In addition to scientific and technological personnel and entrepreneurs, the carrier of human capital in a country devaluates government officials. That is to say, leading cadres have high culture, strong intelligence, extensive information and science