“诗言志”与“诗缘情”是先秦及魏晋时期提出的关于诗歌本质的理论命题,这两个文学观念的提出,与各自当时的政治社会环境及文学的发展有密切的关系。“诗言志”是先秦时期,诗歌作为礼乐制度的一部分,为政治统治服务,主要发挥它的政教作用下提出理论命题。魏晋时期,非功利的纯感性、抒情诗作兴起,人们更注重个人情感的抒发,诗歌由政治之诗变为抒情之诗,陆机提出“诗缘情而绮靡”。本文即从政治历史的角度,说明“诗言志”与“诗缘情”提出的必然性,及对诗歌的本质及作用加以探讨。 The poetic sentiments and poem sentiments are the theoretical propositions on the nature of poetry proposed in the pre-Qin and Wei-Jin Dynasties. The propositions of these two literary concepts are related to the respective political and social environment and the development of literature close relationship. “Poetry and speech” is the pre-Qin period, poetry as part of the ritual and music system for political governance, mainly to play its role of religion under the proposition of theory. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the non-utilitarian pure sensibility and the rise of lyric poetry paid more attention to the expression of personal emotion. The poem changed from poetic poem to lyrical poem. Lu Ji put forward the poetic love of poetry. From the perspective of political history, this article illustrates the inevitability of “Poetry Expressions” and “Poem Love”, as well as the nature and function of poetry.