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目的:初步探讨原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）单眼发病患者黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度（SFCT）与其对侧眼和健康人的差异及其影响因素。方法:横断面研究。收集2018年9月至2019年9月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院青光眼门诊确诊为POAG的单眼发病、对侧眼正常的患者（POAG组）以及健康志愿者（健康对照组）。对所有参与者进行系统眼科检查，应用高分辨率频域的相干光层析成像术测量SFCT及距黄斑中心凹鼻侧和颞侧500、1 000、2 000 μm共7个位置的脉络膜厚度。应用配对n t检验比较脉络膜厚度在POAG组患眼与对侧眼的差异。应用协方差分析比较POAG组患眼与健康对照组之间脉络膜厚度的差异。应用多元线性回归分析年龄、性别、等效球镜度数、视野平均缺损值对POAG组患眼黄斑各个位置脉络膜厚度的影响。n 结果:POAG组纳入75例患者（平均年龄46岁，男性48例，女性27例），健康对照组纳入61名（61只右眼）健康受试者（平均年龄44岁，男性34名，女性27名）。POAG组患眼SFCT为（244.41±83.18）μm，其对侧眼SFCT为（254.28±88.92）μm，二者差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。健康对照组SFCT为（272.98±55.87）μm，校正年龄、性别和等效球镜度数后，POAG组患眼与健康对照组SFCT差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。POAG组患眼在距离黄斑中心凹鼻侧2 000 μm处的脉络膜厚度为（167.84±70.44）μm，其对侧眼为（188.84±89.06）μm，二者差异有统计学意义（n t=-3.55；n P0.05）。POAG患眼的SFCT变薄与视野平均缺损值下降（β=14.66，n P0.05] and controls (right eyes) [(272.98±55.87) μm,n P>0.05]. Choroidal thickness at 2 000 μm nasal to the fovea was significantly decreased in the glaucomatous eyes compared with the unaffected fellow eyes [(167.84±70.44)n vs. (188.84±89.06) μm, n t=-3.55; n P0.05). The SFCT of POAG eyes was associated with mean deviation (β=14.66,n P<0.05) and spherical equivalent (β=14.95,n P0.05).n Conclusions:The SFCT of affected eyes in patients with unilateral POAG has no significant difference from unaffected fellow eyes and healthy controls. However, the choroidal thickness at 2 000 μm nasal to the fovea is thinner in the POAG eyes as compared with the fellow eyes. A thinner SFCT is correlated with the loss of visual field and a higher spherical equivalent in myopia. This may suggest a contributing role of the perfusion of the choroid in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. n (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 194-200)