对３０例原因不明的胸腔积液患者，应用电视胸腔镜术进行诊断和治疗。经ＶＡＴＳ检查，全部病例得到确诊。应用滑石粉、顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液及顽固性胸腔积液，疗效好。３个月以内伴有纤维膜形成，予以剥脱，损伤小，肺膨胀良好。故认为该法对胸腔积液的诊治具有准确、高效、损伤小的特点，有较高的临床实用价值。 30 cases of unexplained pleural effusion patients, the application of video-assisted thoracoscopic diagnosis and treatment. After VATS examination, all cases were confirmed. Application of talc, cisplatin treatment of malignant pleural effusion and intractable pleural effusion, good effect. Within 3 months with the formation of fibrous membrane, to be exfoliated, less damage, good lung expansion. Therefore, the method of diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion with accurate, efficient, less damage characteristics, have a higher clinical value.