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蓄电池是實驗室中普遍應用的直流電源,在許多的實驗中和示教中常常需要它。但往往因為使用不得法或管理不恰當,使蓄電池不能發揮其所能够發揮的作用;另一方面,也影响了蓄電池的使用壽命。今願將個人的點滴经驗介紹如下,供读者參考。蓄電池大致有兩類:一是鉛蓄電池,也称作酸液蓄電池;另一類是铁鎳蓄電池,也稱作鹼液蓄電池。現分别叙述: 铅蓄电池这類蓄電池是現在市面上常見到的,也是较容易購到的。其外殼常是玻璃或其他不舆硫酸起化学反应的非金屬物質做成的。其內部是兩組極板——純鉛極(負極)和二氧化鉛極(正極)——穿插着,其間隔有不怕酸浸蝕的絕椽片,浸在電解液(即稀硫酸液,俗稱为電水)內。由於應用中不同的需要,其區分法通常有二:一是以其端電壓約值区分,分成2伏特、6伏特(三只蓄電池串聯成一组)等;另外一種是以其最大的放電量值區分,如有的是8安培小時、16安培小時等。
The battery is a commonly used DC power source in the laboratory and is often needed in many experiments and teaching. But often because of improper use or improper management, so that the battery can not play its role can play; the other hand, also affect the battery life. This is the personal experience will be introduced below, for readers reference. There are roughly two types of batteries: First, lead acid batteries, also known as acid batteries; the other is the nickel-iron batteries, also known as alkaline batteries. Are described separately: lead-acid batteries such batteries are now commonly seen on the market, but also easier to buy. The shell is often made of glass or other non-metallic substances that react chemically with sulfuric acid. Its interior is the two sets of plates - pure lead (negative) and lead dioxide (positive) - interspersed with not afraid of acid etching of the rafters, immersed in the electrolyte (ie dilute sulfuric acid, commonly known as For the water). Due to the different needs of the application, the distinction is usually two: one is divided by the approximate value of its terminal voltage is divided into 2 volts, 6 volts (three batteries in series into a group); the other is based on its maximum discharge value Differentiate, if any, 8 amps, 16 amps, etc.