从50年代到70年代的20多年中,我国曾经采用高度集中的产品经济模式,商品流通受到严格的限制。一方面,商品的范围非常狭小(仅限于农产品、生活消费的工业品和一部分农业生产资料);另一方面,规定商品按计划定向流通(规定卖到什么地方、卖给哪些企业、卖给哪些消费者)。这样的流通,当时称之为“统” (除计划收购——统购,计划供应——统销以外,还有统一收购、派购,都属于统的性质)。在当时商品不足的情况下,为了合理使用资源和安排人民消费需要,保持市场上的正常 During the 20 years from the 1950s to the 1970s, China had adopted a highly concentrated product economy model and the circulation of goods was strictly limited. On the one hand, the scope of commodities is very narrow (only for agricultural products, industrial products for daily consumption, and a part of agricultural production materials); on the other hand, it is stipulated that commodities are circulated according to plan (stipulated where they are sold, which companies are sold, which are sold consumer). This kind of circulation, which was then called “unification” (except for planned acquisitions - unified purchases, planned supply - unified sales, as well as unified acquisitions, purchases, all belong to the nature of the system). In the absence of commodities at that time, in order to rationally use resources and arrange people’s consumption needs, the market was kept normal.