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死刑,又称生命刑或极刑,是刑罚体系中最严厉的一种刑罚,其通过剥夺犯罪人的生命来实现一定的刑罚目的。随着法律制度和人权制度的发展,死刑的适用已成为现代国际社会、各国政府、人权组织乃至广大民众关注的焦点问题。中国刑法仍保留死刑,死刑的适用率在世界上相对比较高,在国内,法学界和社会上也存在着两种截然相反的死刑存废之争。虽然国外确有一些国家废除了死刑,但我们不能盲目照搬国外废除死刑的做法,而是需要考虑中国的国情、社会的整体状况以及历史发展趋势等因素来进行综合分析探讨。
Death penalty, also known as life penalty or death penalty, is the most severe punishment in the penalty system. It achieves certain criminal purpose by depriving criminals of their lives. With the development of the legal system and human rights system, the application of the death penalty has become the focus of attention of the modern international community, governments, human rights organizations and the general public. Chinese criminal law still retains the death penalty, and the application rate of the death penalty is relatively high in the world. There are also two diametrically opposed controversies over the death penalty in China, the legal science community and the society. Although some foreign countries do abolish the death penalty, we can not blindly copy the practice of abolishing the death penalty in other countries. Instead, we must conduct a comprehensive analysis of factors such as China’s national conditions, the overall social conditions and historical development trends.