本文从旱、涝、蝗、盐碱、风、沙、雹、震等几个方面分析了明清时期河南省自然灾害的发生情况、主要原因及所采取的对策，认为森林植被的破坏和水利事业的衰落是当时自然灾害频繁的主要原因，今日仍应引起注意。而当时人们所采取的诸多对策今日仍有现实意义。 This paper analyzes the occurrence and the main reasons of natural disasters in Henan Province in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and their countermeasures from several aspects such as drought, waterlogging, locust, saline-alkali soil, wind, sand, hail and earthquake. It considers that the destruction of forest vegetation and water conservancy The decline of business was the main reason for frequent natural disasters at that time and should still attract attention today. At the time, many measures adopted by people still have real significance today.